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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 80-87 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study enables the extension of a recent design procedure for perforated plate extraction columns to include operation under jetting conditions. Correlations of experimental data are given for jet length, jet contraction, drop size, and mass transfer rates in continuous phase controlled liquid-liquid systems. Systems exhibiting very low mass transfer rates were used, and this gave significantly different results from those obtained earlier with moderate rates of mass transfer.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1585-1593 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A kinetic model has been developed for radical chain growth type of reactive polymer processing operations. This model incorporates considerations of the molecular diffusion that is described by a free volume theory and the basic reaction mechanism of the free-radical chain polymerization. Experimental results from the bulk styrene polymerization and a reaction of sheet molding compound (SMC) showed good agreement with the model.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 23 (1977), S. 701-714 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A recent design procedure for perforated plate extraction columns requires extension to include jetting conditions at each perforation. For this purpose, correlations are obtained for jet length, jet contraction, drop size, and mass transfer coefficients in disperse phase controlled liquid-liquid systems. Experimental variables include nozzle size, flow velocity, and physical properties.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1572-1574 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 1690-1698 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Yeast nucleoproteins were chemically phosphorylated with phosphorus oxychloride (POCL3). Studies using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, stability to pH and lysine estimation all indicated that the ∊-amino group of lysine was the principal functional group phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of ca. 30% of the lysine residues resulted in removal of more than 85% of contaminant ribonucleic acid from protein precipitated at pH 4.2. Phosphorylation did not alter the amino acid composition of yeast proteins and was reversible under acidic conditions. Based on the data, a method for the preparation of phosphorylated yeast protein with low levels of nucleic acid is proposed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 10 (1989), S. 205-214 
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A family of casting composites, epoxy resins with mineral fillers, having a range of electrical properties, are being developed. In such composites, the dielectric constant is controlled primarily by varying the filler material in composition and proportions. The present work reports on the mechanical properties of composites made with two types of filler, an alumina powder (XA3500 from ALCOA) and a BaTiO3/TiO2 ceramic powder (ATD-50 from Ampex). Dependence of mechanical properties on curing agents was also determined. Filler contents from 0 to 40 percent volume were used. Epoxy systems contained single epoxy resin with both amine and anhydride hardeners. Processing of the anhydride-cured systems was easier than that of the amine-based systems because of their lower viscosity and longer gel time of the former. However, the anhydride-cured systems required higher processing temperatures. Curing kinetics and molecular bonding were investigated using a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Activation energies of 11.2 kcal/mole and 12.1 kcal/mole were obtained for the curing of the amine-based and the anhydride-based composites respectively, and a small difference in the glass transition temperature was also observed. These effects can be attributed to the difference in the structure of the curing agents. The epoxy resin cured with NMA is less ductile compared with those cured with MTHPA or MHHPA due to slight chemical modification on the ring structures. This dependence of ductility on curing agent was observed in specimens with different filler contents. Although the presence of the filler materials was found to enhance the mechanical properties of the epoxy, the fracture mode in these materials is still brittle.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 1693-1700 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Textures of the ethyl cellulose (EC)-dichloroacetic acid (DCA) mesomorphic solution were studied systematically by polarizing microscopy and small-angle light scattering. It was found that with increasing polymer concentration, the mesophase could show a disklike texture, an oil streak texture, a pseudoisotropic texture, and an iridescent planar texture. Within the mesophase the ordering degree is different in different zones. The phase transition between anisotropic and isotropic phases could also be accomplished by changing temperature. With increasing temperature the mesophase with the lower degree of order could first transform to the isotropic phase and the phase transition from an anisotropic phase with a higher degree of order to the isotropic one could take place only at the higher temperature. A disklike texture was also observed during the phase transition between the anisotropic and isotropic phases when the solution was heated and it was probably a basic texture in polymer cholesteric liquid crystals.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 2353-2375 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Open-loop optimal temperature control strategies for the batch free radical polymerizations of styrene are investigated using the minimum principle. Two kinetic models, one considering the gel effect and the other incorporating both the gel effect and the glass effect, are employed. By using the Min-H strategy, a control variable program that minimizes one objective function and yields values of other terminal quantities can be obtained. It is found that the optimal temperature programs are highly dependent upon the kinetic characteristics of reactions. The gel and glass effects, which control ultimate molecular weights, play important roles in affecting the temperature programs. Numerical examples using two objective functions, one in which reaction time is minimized, and the other in which molecular weight distribution is minimized, are presented. The theoretical predictions using kinetic model with the gel and glass effects are also compared with experimental measurements of conversion, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution. Although the agreement between the experimental work and the theory is less than satisfactory, the trends of policy improvements are consistent.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 1315-1341 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper is concerned with applications of a kinetic-diffusion model which accounts for the gel effect and glass effect for free radical polymerizations under nonisothermal conditions. Bulk polymerizations of styrene and unsaturated polyester in the batch casting process were investigated both experimentally and theoretically. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) were employed to elucidate incomplete reactions resulting from glass transition and dead-ending phenomena and to provide kinetic information for modelling. Temperature, conversion, and cumulative molecular weight profiles were simulated under several wall temperature programs. Predictions of ultimate cumulative molecular weights across the reactor, when compared with experimental results measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), affirmed that the molecular weight variation due to the radial temperature gradient could be alleviated by manipulating the wall temperature.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 697-700 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: complexation ; sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) lithium ; poly(ethylene oxide) ; conductivity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the present paper, the structure and conductivity for the complex of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) lithium (SPPOLi) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG) were studied. Glass transition temperature change determined by differential scanning calorimeter analysis desmonstrated that the two components had some compatibility. X-ray diffraction showed that PEG could decrease the regularity of SPPOLi to some extent. The compatibility and PEG's effect on the regularity may be due to the interaction between the lithium ions of SPPOLi and the oxygen atoms of PEG. Under polarization by electric field, the bands between lithium ions and sulfonation groups relaxed. Meanwhile, the complexation of oxygen atoms could enhance the dissociation of the polymeric lithium salts. Then lithium ions were transported in the process of alternate complexing and decomplexing. The action between lithium ions and oxygen atoms could explain the improvement on the conductivity of SPPOLi.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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