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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Glutamate uptake ; Ca2+ entry ; synaptosomes ; ATPase ; 31P-NMR ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: ATP added externally to rat synaptosomes activated uptake of both Ca2+ and glutamate which was partially accounted for by the uptake phenomena of synaptic vescles and mitochondria, as shown by using specific inhibitors of the latter. Increasing concentrations of glutamate stimulated Ca2+ entry linearly, as shown by using 45Ca or a Ca-specific electrode. The processes of glutamate and Ca2+ uptake shared some common features and their ATP-dependence may be correlated with an ouabain-insensitive synaptosomal ectonucleotidase activity measured by a 31P-NMR or a luminometric technique. The ATP hydrolysis catalysed by the synaptosomes was activated by both Ca2+ and glutamate. The present synaptosomal activities may represent a model for studying the modulatory effects of ATP on the glutamatergic neurotransmission.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 153 (1972), S. 219-228 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die Verzweigung von durch Lauroylperoxid oder Bestrahlung initiiertem Polyvinylchlorid untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, daß der Umsatz keinen Einfluß auf die Verzweigung hat. Diese dürfte, zumindest teilweise, seitlichen CH2Cl-Gruppen zuzuschreiben sein.Es wird ein Reaktionsmechanismus für eine solche Art der Verzweigung vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: An investigation was carried out on branching of polymers obtained by lauroyl-peroxide or by radiation-initiated polymerization of vinylchloride. As a result, branching shows no dependence on conversion and could be ascribed, at least partially, to the presence of CH2Cl-side groups.A reaction mechanism for this type of branching was proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 108 (1967), S. 218-233 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Verzweigungsgrad von unter verschiedenen Bedingungen hergestellten PVC-Proben wurde ermittelt. Die Proben wurden mit LiAlH4 reduziert und IR-spektroskopisch untersucht. Aus dem Verhältnis der Absorptionsbanden bei 1378 und 1386 cm-1 erhält man mit Hilfe einer Eichkurve den Verzweigungsgrad, der als Verhältnis 100(CH3/CH2) angegeben wird.Nachdem festgestellt worden war, daß der Reduktionsvorgang keinen Abbau der Polymerketten verursacht, wurden der Einfluß der Polymerisationstemperatur, des Umsatzes und der Einfluß von Tetrahydrofuran und n-Butyraldehyd auf den Verzweigungsgrad untersucht.Der Verzweigungsgrad hängt nur von der Polymerisationstemperatur ab. Die bei 50°C hergestellten Proben haben ungefähr eine Verzweigung pro 60 C-Atome. Der Verzweigungsgrad wird mit abnehmender Polymerisationstemperatur kleiner und under -60°C vernachlässigbar gering.
    Notes: The degree of branching of some samples of polyvinylchloride (PVC) was determined by hydrogenation of the polymer with LiAlH4 followed by infrared measurements on the product so obtained. It is verified that during the hydrogenation process there does not occur any degradation of the polymer. The branching degrees are given as ratios of 100(CH3/CH-2) which are determined from the ratios of the absorbances at 1378 and 1368 cm-1 by means of a calibration curve. The influence of some polymerization conditions on the degree of branching such as temperature, degree of conversion, and presence of the two diluents tetrahydrofurane and n-butyraldehyde were examined. Only the polymerization temperature is found to influence the degree of branching. The PVC samples prepared at 50°C have approximately one side chain for every sixty carbon atoms, whereas the samples prepared at temperatures below -60°C are practically linear.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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