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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reverse osmosis with dynamically formed membranes from water-soluble polymers (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 1607-1618 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Membranes were dynamically formed from poly(acrylic acid), poly(1-methyl-2-vinylpyridinium iodide), and methylcellulose on a Millipore filter. The effects of the conditions of membrane formation on reverse osmosis performances and the membrane structure were investigated. The primary factors that affect membrane performance were ascertained to be the kind and concentration of salts and the pH of the preparing solutions, the concentration and the polymerization degree of the membrane materials, the pore size of filters, and the pressure and circulation velocity during membrane formation. Two types of dynamically formed membranes, the membranes inside the filter and the membranes on the filter, were distinguished.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220612
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permselectivities of some aromatic compounds in organic medium through cellulose acetate membranes by reverse osmosis (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 2609-2620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Reverse osmosis of some aromatic compounds in 1-propanol solution using porous cellulose acetate membranes and some factors which influence the organic solute permeability were investigated. Reverse osmosis data for a number of benzene derivatives showed that only phenol was rejected and the others were enriched. For the compounds with various substituent groups, the solute permeabilities have the following order; OH 〈 CH3 〈 H 〈 Cl 〈 NH2 〈 NO2. In the series of benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene, the permeability is related to the molar volume of solutes and varied as follows: benzene 〈 naphthalene 〈 anthracene. Generally speaking, there are two factors - a partition coefficient and a diffusion coefficient - for governing the permeation behavior through the membrane. Under the condition that no steric effect is exerted, the partition coefficient exclusively is a dominant factor. A good correlation between the partition coefficient of a particle and that of the membrane was pound. The partition coefficients are closely related to the dipole moment of solutes.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220917
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density functional theory without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and its application (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 70 (1998), S. 659-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A procedure for the calculation of molecular properties in the full quantum mechanical treatment is presented. We formulate the non-Born-Oppenheimer density functional theory and propose its numerical scheme. We numerically calculate the energy, particle densities, interparticle distance, and (hyper)polarizability of the hydrogen molecule and its isotopes using this method and discuss isotope effects on the physical properties.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 70: 659-669, 1998
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical polymerization of 3-cyano-3-ethoxycarbonylpropyl vinyl ether via addition-abstraction mechanism (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 2839-2847 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080261020
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ester-type photosensitive polyimide precursor with low thermal expansion coefficient (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 1618-1622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: For an ester-type photosensitive polyimide precursor of low thermal expansion coefficient, the oxygen concentration in the curing process and the molecular weight of the polyimide precursor were found to control the properties of the polyimide. The effects of these factors on the thermal expansion coefficient, tensile strength, and modulus of polyimide film were investigated. Based on these results, a photosensitive polyimide with low thermal expansion coefficient, called the PIMEL TL-series, was developed. Crack and delamination free multilayers were successfully achieved using this newly developed product.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760322114
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase separation in mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol monomethylether) and poly(propylene glycol) oligomers (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 29 (1991), S. 1419-1425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved light scattering was employed to investigate kinetics of phase separation in mixtures of poly (ethylene glycol monomethylether) (PEGE)/poly (propylene glycol) (PPG) oligomers. Phase diagrams for PEGE/PPG of varying molecular weights were established by means of cold point measurements. The oligomer mixtures reveal an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). Several temperature quench experiments were carried out with a 60/40 PEGE/PPG blend by rapidly quenching from a single phase (69°C) to two-phase temperatures (66-61°C) at 1°C intervals. As is typical for oligomer mixtures, the early stage of spinodal decomposition (SD) was not detected. The kinetics of phase decomposition was found to be dominated by the late stage of SD. Time-evolution of scattering intensity was analyzed in accordance with nonlinear and dynamical scaling theories. The time dependence of the peak intensity Im and the corresponding peak wavenumber qm was found to follow the power-law {Im(t)˜ tα, qm(t)˜ t-β} with the values of α = 3 ± 0.3 and β = 1 ± 0.2, which are very close to the values predicted by Siggia. This process has been attributed to a coarsening mechanism driven by surface tension. In the temporal scaling analysis, the structure function reveals university with time, suggesting self-similarity. Phase separation dynamics in 60/40 PEGE/PPG resembles the behavior predicted for off-critical mixtures.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1991.090291110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of four-channel Raman difference spectroscopy to studies in hydrogen-bonded systems (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 14 (1983), S. 102-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We report in this work on some potential applications and advantages of the four-channel Raman detection technique developed recently at this laboratory. The capability of recording four different Raman signals simultaneously and processing them electronically by scaling of each signal in order to obtain a desired linear combination, has been fully exploited. The simultaneous measurement of I∥ and I⊥ of the Raman spectra of pyridine and a mixture of pyridine+methanol, thus allows us to derive the isotropic Raman bandwidths of ν1 and ν8b vibrations in the hydrogen-bonded species C5H5N…HOCH3 and at the same time very small frequency shifts of vibrations of the non hydrogen-bonded pyridine (in mixture) as compared to pure pyridine. The smallest shift that could be measured was 0.045 cm-1. It has been demonstrated that four-channel Raman difference spectroscopy has a distinct advantage for studying the vibrations of complex systems such as a hydrogen-bonded species.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250140210
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