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  • 1
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurden lineare Polyurethan-Elastomere in N,N-Dimethylacetamidlösung hergestellt, und zwar ausgehend von Diphenylmethan-4,4′-diisocyanat, 1,4-Butandiol und Polyestern von 2 unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichten und jedes mit einer Reihe von Molekulargewichtsverteilungen. Die Diolproben der verschiedenen Molekulargewichtsverteilungen wurden durch Mischen der Polyester mit unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichten hergestellt.Die Polyurethan-Elastomerfilme wurden aus Lösung gegossen und an Hand des Molekulargewichts- und Molekulargewichtsverteilungseinflusses auf die physikomechanischen und morphologischen Eigenschaften charakterisiert. Die meisten untersuchten Eigenschaften hingen stark vom Molekulargewicht der Polyester-Weichsegmente ab. Die Molekulargewichte beeinflußten in erster Linie das Relaxationsverhalten der Proben.Dynamisch-mechanische Messungen weisen darauf hin, daß in diesen Polymeren eine diffuse gemischte amorphe Phase vorliegt. Der Anteil dieser Phase hängt vom Molekulargewicht und der Molekulargewichtsverteilung ab. Die inhärenten Eigenschaften sind jedoch unabhängig von der Molekulargewichtsverteilung der Polyestersegmente.
    Notes: Linear polyurethane elastomers were synthesized in dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) solution, starting from 4,4′-methylene diisocyanate 1,4-butanediol, and polyester diols of two different molecular weights (MW) and each with a series of molecular weight distributions (MWD). Diol samples of various MWD's were prepared by blending polyesters of different MW. Polyurethane elastomer films were cast from solution, and characterized with the effect of the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polyester diols on the physico-mechanical and morphological properties of the polyurethane elastomers investigated. Most properties studied depended strongly on the MW of polyester soft segments; the MWD influenced primarily the relaxation behaviour of the polyurethane samples. Our data indicates that these phenomena are related to variations of the amounts of high MW polyester diols. The dynamic-mechanical measurements and the polymer morphology studies indicate that a diffuse, mixed amorphous phase exists in these polymers; the amount of the phase depends on MW and MWD of the polyester segment, but the intrinsic properties are essentially independent of the MWD of the polyester segment.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 6 (1985), S. 815-819 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 2 (1981), S. 47-50 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 2 (1981), S. 109-112 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 1 (1980), S. 715-718 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: optical activity ; solid-state measurements ; natural polymers ; suspension ; birefringence ; isorefractive media ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The optical activity of ten natural-type polymers [poly(α-aminoacids), polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids] was measured in solution, as solid powders in suspension, and where possible in the form of films. In some cases the specific rotation of powder samples showed significant differences to the values obtained from solution measurements. The discrepances seem to reflect the arrangements of polymer chains in supermolecular assemblies in the polymer solid state.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: optical activity ; polylactides ; poly(β-hydroxybutyrates) ; solid state measurements ; circular dichroism ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The optical activities of poly-(R)-lactide, poly-(S)-lactide, poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) and two β-hydroxyvalerate copolymers were measured in solution, as solid powders in suspension, and where possible, as films. Poly-(+)-3-methyl-1-pentene was also reinvestigated. In some cases the specific rotation values of powder samples showed significant differences from the values of the solution measurements. The discrepancies of the data observed seem to reflect the local environment of the polymer chains in supermolecular assemblies and consequently the solid state structure(morphology)of the polymers.The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the polymers were also measured in solution and in the form of their films. For comparison, the CD spectra of the naturally occurring protein casein and of the synthetic polypeptide poly-(L)-proline were also measured.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 1281-1308 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die kationische Polymerisation von Formaldehyd, höheren aliphatischen Aldehyden und Halogenaldehyden wird diskutiert. Die Polymerisation wird mit Lewis-Säuren und Brønsted-Säuren initiiert, wird aber beherrscht von der Tatsache, daß in fast allen Fällen die Polymeren ausfallen und aus der Lösung auskristallisieren. Die Folge ist, daß die Polymerisationen diffusionskontrolliert werden und dies in einigen Fällen sogar bei kleinen Umsätzen. Diese Erscheinung ist nicht auf die kationische Polymerisation beschränkt, doch kommt hier hinzu, daß die wachsenden Enden leicht okkludiert werden und kationische Initiatoren von dem ausfallenden Polymeren absorbiert werden. Die Morphologie und das Ausmaß der Quellung des ausgefallenen Polymeren spielt eine wichtige Rolle in bezug auf die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit und den Umsatz des Monomeren zum Polymeren. Wie zu erwarten, lassen sich aliphatische Aldehyde leichter als Halogenaldehyde mit kationischen Initiatoren polymerisieren; dies kann in dem Unterschied des Startmechanismus begründet sein.
    Notes: Cationic polymerizations of formaldehyde, higher aliphatic aldehydes and haloaldehydes are discussed. The polymerization is initiated by Lewis and Brønsted acids but is dominated by the fact that in almost all cases the polymers precipitate and crystallize from the solution. As a consequence the polymerizations become diffusion controlled sometimes even at low conversions. This phenomenon is not limited to cationic polymerization but additionally the growing ends are readily occluded and cationic initiators are adsorbed on the precipitated polymer. The morphology and the degree of swelling of the precipitated polymer plays an important role upon the rate of polymerization and conversion of monomer to polymer. As expected, polymerizations of aliphatic aldehydes are more readily carried out by cationic initiators than the polymerization of haloaldehydes; this may be caused by the difference in the initiation mechanism.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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