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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 761-766 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: biphasic system ; lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical model for the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of high-concentration olive in biphasic isooctane-aqueous systems has been proposed and confirmed by experiments. The enzymatic reaction of the Michaelis-Menten type that occurred at the interface between organic and aqueous phases was assumed in deriving the rate equations, from which the maximum reaction rate could be obtained by carefully adjusting the volume ratio between the two phases to the optimal value. Equilibrium conversions higher than 98% for 0.1 g/L olive oil in isooctane were attained for systems with volume ratios up to one. Fractions of lipase and lipase-substrate complex adsorbed at the interface increased and seemed to approach to asymptotic values asthe rotation speed of impeller increased. Activity of the lipase showed no apparent change between 26 and 37°C, but decrease rapidly with temperature above 43°C. The methodology presented in this work might be used to find kinetic parameters for reactor design and scaleup.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The configurational isomers of 1,4-bis[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene have been investigated by ab initio and MOPAC-AM1 semiempirical methods. The calculations were guided by and compared with single crystal X-ray results of the trans, trans-isomer (taken from the literature) and of the cis,cis-isomer (reported here). Using 4-21G-based ab initio calculations, free state geometries, deviations from coplanarity, and barriers to rotation of the central and peripheral rings were evaluated. Such barriers were also enumerated for the solid state of the cis,cis- and trans,trans-isomers. A single-molecule cluster surrounded by point charges sufficed to rationalize observed solid state properties in the trans,trans-isomer, including the quasi-free rotation of the central ring. A multimolecule cluster, however, was required to rationalize the restricted rotation of the rings in the cis,cis-isomer. MOPAC-AM1 methods were used to calculate geometries and energies of rotameric forms on the singlet photoisomerization path cis,cis → cis,trans → trans,trans. Finally, UV absorption wavelengths and oscillator strengths were calculated and the electronic structure of the states discussed. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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