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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • Cell culture  (2)
  • Civil and Mechanical Engineering  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: Cell culture ; Clam ; Mollusc ; Oyster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present study attempts to establish cell culture systems for the oyster, Crassostrea gigas Röding and the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria Thunberg. Treatment with collagenase was better than trypsin at dissociating mollusc tissue fragments for in vitro culture. Heart tissue of oyster and hard clam proved to be the most promising target tissue for the establishment of cell lines in vitro. Primary cultures of clam heart were established and successfully maintained for more than 5 months. Collagenase at a concentration of 100 μg/ml may enhance the growth of oyster and hard clam heart cell cultures in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 199-206 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: In vitro ; Cell culture ; Prawn tissues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Monolayer cultures were established from ovary, heart, lymphoid tissue and peripheral hemocytes of penaeid shrimps including Penaeus monodon, P. japonicus and P. penicillatus. The most favorable conditions for the culture of penaeid shrimp cells in vitro was in CMRL and L-15 tissue culture media when used within an osmolarity range of 620--760 mmol/kg. The optimal maintenance temperature was 25 °C for tissues of P. japonicus and 28 °C for tissues of P. monodon and P. penicillatus. Among the four tissues tested, lymphoid tissue, or 'Oka organ', was superior to the other tissues for the formation of confluent cell monolayers. Cell cultures from lymphoid tissue and ovary have been subcultured up to three times. When peripheral hemocytes and heart were cultured, a maximum survival of 4 days was obtained. In contrast, cell cultures derived from ovary and lymphoid tissue were maintained alive for at least 20 days in appropriate culture systems. Neither confluent cell sheet nor adherence of cells was obtained in cultivation of hepatopancreas using the present culture systems. The results obtained from the present study also revealed that ovary extract, muscle extract and lobster hemolymph enhanced the survival of the cultured cells of penaeid shrimp in vitro. When the 'Oka organ' cell monolayer was incubated with either white spot disease virus (WSDV) or yellow head virus (YHV), no cytopathic effect (CPE) was obtained. However, at 5--7 days after establishment, significant CPE (a few foci) was observed in cell monolayers derived from WSDV- and YHV-infected Oka tissue. By electron microscopy, virions of WSDV and YHV were observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of cultured cells. The CPE foci developed further with increased incubation time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 22 (1998), S. 425-447 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: closed-form solution ; transversely isotropic half-space ; Fourier transform ; Hankel transform ; rock anisotropy ; Engineering ; Civil and Mechanical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: We rederive and present the complete closed-form solutions of the displacements and stresses subjected to a point load in a transversely isotropic elastic half-space. The half-space is bounded by a horizontal surface, and the plane of transverse isotropy of the medium is parallel to the horizontal surface. The solutions are obtained by superposing the solutions of two infinite spaces, one acting a point load in its interior and the other being free loading. The Fourier and Hankel transforms in a cylindrical co-ordinate system are employed for deriving the analytical solutions. These solutions are identical with the Mindlin and Boussinesq solutions if the half-space is homogeneous, linear elastic, and isotropic. Also, the Lekhnitskii solution for a transversely isotropic half-space subjected to a vertical point load on its horizontal surface is one of these solutions. Furthermore, an illustrative example is given to show the effect of degree of rock anisotropy on the vertical surface displacement and vertical stress that are induced by a single vertical concentrated force acting on the surface. The results indicate that the displacement and stress accounted for rock anisotropy are quite different for the displacement and stress calculated from isotropic solutions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 22 (1998), S. 495-508 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: consolidation ; cohesive soil ; clay ; axial strain ; true triaxial ; finite difference method ; Engineering ; Civil and Mechanical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper presents a simplified approach for the analysis of axial strain induced by three-dimensional consolidation of cohesive soils. The axial strain is divided into a constant volume component and a consolidation component. A relevant undrained stress-strain relationship is required to determine the constant volume component. A theoretical formulation is developed for the evaluation of the consolidation component. Predictions of the axial strain accompanying true triaxial laboratory tests for a variety of stress patterns correlate sufficiently well with the measured data. The proposed method is potentially applicable in conjunction with a finite difference scheme to analyze the time-dependent response of pile groups subjected to static vertical loading. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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