Bibliothek

X
feed icon rss

Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of cocaine, chlordiazepoxide, and chlorpromazine on responding of squirrel monkeys under second-order schedules of IM cocaine injection or food presentation (1983)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 81 (1983), S. 164-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Cocaine ; Chlordiazepoxide ; Chlorpromazine ; Drug self-administration ; Drugs and schedule-controlled behavior ; Drug effects on behaviors maintained by different reinforcing events
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Lever pressing by squirrel monkeys was maintained under second-order schedules of either food presentation or IM cocaine injection. Under one second-order schedule, every tenth response produced a brief (1-s) visual stimulus and the first brief stimulus presented after 30 min had elapsed was followed either by ten 300 mg food pellets or by a 3.0 mg IM injection of cocaine. Under another second-order schedule, the first response after 3 min produced the brief stimulus and the tenth brief stimulus was followed either by food or by cocaine. The two types of second-order schedules generated distinctly different patterns of responding. Furthermore, the temporal distribution of responding maintained by food presentation or cocaine injection sometimes differed slightly under the same schedule. Food presentation or cocaine injection occurred only at the end of each daily session, thereby allowing assessment of the effects of presession administration of cocaine, chlorpromazine (CPZ), and chlordiazepoxide (CDP) on responding at times when the direct effects of consequent cocaine injections were minimal or absent. Presession treatment with suitable doses of cocaine increased low rates of food- or cocaine-maintained responding under both types of second-order schedules, whereas CPZ only decreased responding. CDP increased responding in some monkeys, whereas in other monkeys it had little or no effect. Individual differences in the effects of CDP were not related to the schedule of reinforcement, the maintaining event, or the control rate of responding. Thus, the behavioral effects of cocaine, CDP, and CPZ were largely independent of whether responding was maintained by food or by cocaine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429013
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of quinpirole and SKF 38393 alone and in combination in squirrel monkeys trained to discriminate cocaine (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 107 (1992), S. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Cocaine ; Quinpirole ; SKF 38393 ; D1 agonist ; D2 agonist ; Drug interactions ; Route of administration ; Discriminative-stimulus effects ; Behavior ; Squirrel monkeys
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The present study was designed to assess the behavioral similarity of the effects of prototype dopamine receptor-subtype selective agonists and cocaine. Squirrel monkeys (N=4) were trained with food reinforcement to press one of two levers after administration of IV cocaine (0.3 mg/kg) or the other lever after saline. After training, IV cocaine produced reliable responding on the cocaine lever (〉98%), whereas saline produced reliable responding on the alternate lever (〉98%). The D2 agonist, quinpirole (0.003–1.0 mg/kg, IM), produced dose-related increases in cocaine-appropriate responding, with maximal effects of 62%. When delivered IV, quinpirole (0.01–0.17 mg/kg) was approximately twice as potent, but no more effective. The D1 agonist, SKF 38393 (0.3–30.0 mg/kg, IM or 3.0–17.0 mg/kg, IV) failed to produce any significant cocaine-appropriate responding. Further, pretreatment with SKF 38393 (either 0.3 or 10.0 mg/kg, IM) did not significantly alter the the quinpirole (0.01–1.0 mg/kg, IM) dose-effect curve. The effects of these drugs differ from those previously reported in rats, suggesting a species difference that may be of importance in evaluating the behavioral pharmacology of cocaine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245140
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacological specificity of enhanced sensitivity to naltrexone in rats (1993)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 110 (1993), S. 60-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Opioid antagonists ; Opioid agonists ; Enhanced sensitivity ; Amphetamine ; Chlordiazepoxide ; Schedule-controlled behavior ; Rats
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Rats treated weekly with cumulative doses (1–100 mg/kg, IP) of naltrexone develop an enhanced sensitivity to the operant response-rate decreasing effect of naltrexone. In the present experiment the pharmacological specificity of that enhanced sensitivity was determined by testing a variety of drugs for cross-sensitivity to naltrexone. Cross-sensitivity was evaluated with two procedures. In one, dose-effect functions were determined for each of the test compounds before and after the development of enhanced sensitivity to naltrexone in a single group of rats. In the second procedure, one group of rats was made sensitive to naltrexone, while a second was not. Test compounds were then evaluated in both groups. For both procedures, a shift to the left in the dose-effect functions similar to naltrexone was considered evidence of cross-sensitivity. Of the opioid antagonists tested, only naloxone showed clear cross-sensitivity to naltrexone, although MR 2266 and diprenorphine also showed evidence of cross-sensitivity. The opioid antagonist quadazocine did not show cross-sensitivity to naltrexone on the day of testing, although some evidence of cross-sensitivity was evident 24 h later. In addition, the dose-effect function ford-amphetamine was significantly changed following naltrexone treatment. No evidence of cross-sensitivity was observed for the optical isomer of naloxone,d-naloxone, or for naloxone's quaternary derivative, naloxone methiodide. None of the opioid agonists or agonist-antagonists tested showed cross-sensitivity to naltrexone (i.e. morphine, U-50, 488H, ethylketocyclazocine,N-allylnormetazocine and pentazocine). The non-opioid drugs chlordiazepoxide and phencyclidine also failed to show evidence of cross-sensitivity. However, the dose-effect curves for chlordiazepoxide were shifted significantly to the right following naltrexone treatment. The results of the present experiment indicate that the enhanced sensitivity which develops to naltrexone in rats is stereospecific and centrally mediated. The effect is specific, in that it does not appear to confer changes in the behavioral effects of non-opioids or even opioid agonists.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246951
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discriminative stimulus effects of inhaled cocaine in squirrel monkeys (1991)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 105 (1991), S. 317-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Cocaine ; Inhalation ; Route of administration ; Discriminative-stimulus effects ; Behavior ; Squirrel monkeys
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Squirrel monkeys (N=4) were trained with food reinforcement to press one of two levers after administration of IV cocaine (0.3 or 1.0 mg/kg) or the other lever after saline. After training, IV cocaine (0.03–3.0 mg/kg) produced dose-related increases in the percentage of responses on the cocaine lever (ED50=0.15 mg/kg). Cocaine delivered IM also produced dose-related increases in cocaine-appropriate responding (ED50=0.32 mg/kg), but was approximately half as potent as IV cocaine. Similar relative potency relations were obtained for decreases in response rates produced by cocaine. Prior to some sessions subjects were placed in a Plexiglas® chamber and exposed for 60 s to cocaine vapor created with an ultrasonic nebulizer. Exposure to vapor from cocaine solutions (1.0–30.0 mg/ml) produced concentration-dependent increases in cocaine-appropriate responding and decreases in response rates. Exposure to vapor from a 30 mg/ml concentration produced virtually exclusive cocaine-appropriate responding. Concentration-effect curves for inhaled cocaine were similar to dose-effect curves obtained when cocaine was administered by the other routes. The time course of the minimally effective concentration of inhaled cocaine was compared to that of the minimally effective doses of systemically administered cocaine. Inhaled cocaine had a duration of action longer than IV cocaine. The results indicate that inhaled cocaine vapor has effects qualitatively similar to those of IV cocaine, and may have a duration of action longer than that of an IV cocaine dose producing a similar degree of drug-appropriate responding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244424
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    3’- and 4’-chloro-substituted analogs of benztropine: intravenous self-administration and in vitro radioligand binding studies in rhesus monkeys (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 147 (2000), S. 426-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Drug abuse ; Stimulant ; Cocaine ; Dopamine ; Monoamine transport ; Self-administration ; Rhesus monkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Rationale: The reinforcing effects of many psychomotor stimulants have been related to increased dopaminergic neurotransmission. Drugs that block dopamine (DA) uptake have generally been found to function as positive reinforcers. Benztropine (BZT) and several of its halogenated analogs have previously been characterized as potent DA-uptake inhibitors with behavioral profiles that indicate diminished psychomotor stimulant effects relative to cocaine. Objectives: The present experiments were designed to examine, in rhesus monkeys, the reinforcing effects of the DA-uptake inhibitor BZT and two chloro-analogs 3’-C1-BZT and 4’-Cl-BZT, and to compare self-administration and binding profiles. Methods: Four rhesus monkeys self-administered cocaine i.v. under a fixed-ratio 10 (FR10) schedule until stable responding was established. Saline, and various doses of cocaine, BZT, and the BZT analogs were then made available for self-administration. Binding of these compounds to monoaminergic and cholinergic sites in monkey brain were determined using standard radioligand binding techniques. Results: Self-administration was maintained by both 3’-C1-BZT and 4’-Cl-BZT, but not by BZT. Results suggested that 3’-C1-BZT and 4’-Cl-BZT were weak positive reinforcers. BZT and analogs bound DA transporters (DAT) with affinities higher than that of cocaine and had affinity for muscarinic binding sites. Conclusions: Surprisingly, high affinity at DATs was associated with weak or no reinforcing effects. The mechanism(s) that may underlie this dissociation between DAT actions and reinforcing effects remains to be established. These data support the proposal that a lead for the discovery of a pharmacotherapeutic agent for cocaine abuse may come from this group of compounds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050012
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...