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  • Collateral circulation  (1)
  • Dexamethasone nasal drops  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Iatrogenes Cushing-Syndrom ; Mutatio tarda ; Glukokortikoidhaltige Nasentropfen ; Pubertät ; Panhypopituitarismus ; Key words Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome ; Mutatio tarda ; Dexamethasone nasal drops ; Panhypopituitarism ; Retarded growth ; Puberty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Nasal steroid drops can produce iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome if the recommended dose is exceeded. We now report a 19-year-old male patient for whom dexamethasone nasal drops were prescribed because of nasal obstruction. He had been using these drops for more than 5 years, with a daily dexamethasone dose of 0.7–1.0 mg. It is likely that significant amounts of dexamethasone were swallowed and absorbed by the patient’s gastrointestinal tract. As a consequence, the patient developed Cushing’s syndrome with panhypopituitarism, growth retardation, osteoporosis and hypertension. A boyish size of the larynx resulted in a fundamental speaking frequency of a child. After discontinuing the intranasal use of the of dexamethasone and adjusting doses of hydrocortisone over 3.5 months a normalization of endocrine function occurred with the beginning of puberty and normal sexual changes. These findings show that the use of nasal steroid drops particularly in children should be limited to a short period and drugs with a low absorption dose employed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei der Therapie mit topisch anzuwendenden Kortikoiden in Form von glukokortikoidhaltigen Nasentropfen ist die Möglichkeit der Resorption über die Nasenschleimhaut bei Überschreitung der Schwellendosis zu beachten. Es wird der Fall eines jetzt 19jährigen Patienten beschrieben, bei dem wegen einer Nasenatmungsbehinderung die unkontrollierte Anwendung Dexamethason-haltiger Nasentropfen über mehr als 5 Jahre mit einer täglichen Dosis von 0,7–1,0 mg Dexamethason erfolgte. Dabei ist außer der intranasalen auch die gastrointestinale Resorption eines erheblichen Anteils nach Ingestion sehr wahrscheinlich. Der Patient entwickelte ein Cushing-Syndrom mit Panhypopituitarismus, Kleinwuchs, Hypertonie, Osteoporose und mit fehlender Pubertätsentwicklung sowie einer Mutatio tarda. Nach sofortiger Beendigung der Applikation und unter einer 3,5monatigen Hydrokortisonsubstitution kam es zur allmählichen klinischen Besserung mit Aufholwachstum, fortschreitender Pubertätsentwicklung mit Mutation, Gewichtsreduktion und Normalisierung des Blutdruckes. Eine topische Anwendung kortikoidhaltiger Medikamente sollte, besonders bei Kindern mit unkontrollierter Einnahme, nur unter strenger Indikationsstellung, sorgfältiger Dokumentation der rezeptierten Menge und nicht über einen längeren Zeitraum sowie bevorzugt mit Präparaten mit einer geringen Resorptionsrate erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 308 (1979), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Vasodilator agents ; Vascular resistance ; Coronary circulation ; Collateral circulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method was applied in anesthetized dogs enabling the measurement of regional resistances up to and behind the start of collaterals and the collateral resistance. The studies show that peripheral coronary pressure, i.e. perfusion pressure of the collaterals, can change when the ratio of pre- and post-collateral resistance alters. Drugs can influence collateral blood flow not only by directly effecting the collaterals but also by altering collateral perfusion pressure. Glyceryl trinitrate given in minor doses improved collateral blood flow by directly dilating the collaterals and also by increasing collateral perfusion pressure. Higher doses did not improve collateral flow due to a decrease of collateral perfusion pressure. A stealphenomenon occurred in some cases. Adenosine and verapamil had no direct influence on the collateral resistance. Verapamil given in small doses increased perfusion pressure slightly but not enough to improve collateral blood flow. High doses of verapamil, like low doses of adenosine, had no significant influence on collateral perfusion pressure and collateral blood flow. Adenosine given in high dosage led to a diminution of collateral flow by decreasing collateral perfusion pressure, i.e. a steal-phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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