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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 153-159 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Modified diallel crosses ; Monte Carlo simulation ; Cytoplasmic and maternal effects ; Variance and covariance components ; Genetic prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic model for modified diallel crosses is proposed for estimating variance and covariance components of cytoplasmic, maternal additive and dominance effects, as well as direct additive and dominance effects. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to compare the efficiencies of minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) methods. For both balanced and unbalanced mating designs, MINQUE (0/1), which has 0 for all the prior covariances and 1 for all the prior variances, has similar efficiency to MINQUE(θ), which has parameter values for the prior values. Unbiased estimates of variance and covariance components and their sampling variances could be obtained with MINQUE(0/1) and jackknifing. A t-test following jackknifing is applicable to test hypotheses for zero variance and covariance components. The genetic model is robust for estimating variance and covariance components under several situations of no specific effects. A MINQUE(0/1) procedure is suggested for unbiased estimation of covariance components between two traits with equal design matrices. Methods of unbiased prediction for random genetic effects are discussed. A linear unbiased prediction (LUP) method is shown to be efficient for the genetic model. An example is given for a demonstration of estimating variance and covariance components and predicting genetic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 160-166 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation ; Endospermic traits ; Cytoplasmic and maternal effects ; Variance and covariance components ; Genetic prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic models for quantitative traits of triploid endosperms are proposed for the analysis of direct gene effects, cytoplasmic effects, and maternal gene effects. The maternal effect is partitioned into maternal additive and dominance components. In the full genetic model, the direct effect is partitioned into direct additive and dominance components and high-order dominance component, which are the cumulative effects of three-allele interactions. If the high-order dominance effects are of no importance, a reduced genetic model can be used. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted in this study for demonstrating unbiasedness of estimated variance and covariance components from the MINQUE (0/1) procedure, which is a minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) method setting 0 for all the prior covariances and 1 for all the prior variances. Robustness of estimating variance and covariance components for the genetic models was tested by simulations. Both full and reduced genetic models are shown to be robust for estimating variance and covariance components under several situations of no specific effects. Efficiency of predicting random genetic effects for the genetic models by the MINQUE (0/1) procedure was compared with the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). A worked example is given to illustrate the use of the reduced genetic model for kernel growth characteristics in corn (Zea mays L.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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