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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 1 (1973), S. 55-68 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: Integrated optics ; Thin films ; Goos-Hänchen effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A quantitative theory of light propagation in a dielectric slab guide with general cladding media is presented. It is based on a plane wave which bounces in a zigzag fashion along the guide as a result of total or partial reflections at the two surfaces of the film. Two mechanisms are considered which contribute to the attenuation of the guide: losses due to absorption in the slab and cladding materials, and radiation losses if the guide is a leaky one. We point out the significance of the Goos-Hänchen effect for all questions relating to the power flow in the slab guide. The theory is illustrated by discussing dispersion and attenuation of guides with various low-index and high-index claddings, operating above and below cutoff. The low-index leaky guide is considered particularly in detail. Its high attenuation by leakage can be reduced to practically acceptable values (〈1d B/cm) by increasing the film thickness to ≳ 40λ. One application of this guide is in the leaky wave coupler. This coupler may be viewed as a prism-film coupler simplified by omission of the gap. It offers a new approach to the problem of broad-band coupling to thin-film light guides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chronische Urtikaria ; Depression ; Somatisierungsstörung ; Bio-psycho-soziales Krankheitskonzept ; Key words Chronic urticaria ; Depression ; Somatization disorder ; Bio-psycho-somatic concept of illness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In a multicenter study, 100 patients with chronic urticaria were examined with a standardized personality test (Gießen test), a standardized symptom questionnaire (Gießener Beschwerdebogen) and a specially developed questionnaire concerning symptoms, history and behaviour during symptomatic periods. Almost one third of the patients showed elevated scores both for depression and for symptoms that are often associated with depression. It therefore seems worthwhile examining such persons more specifically and possibly treating them by psychosomatic methods. The present results do not allow the classification of chronic urticaria as a somatization disorder. Since one-third of the patients had symptoms of depression, combined dermatological and psychosomatic approach may make it possible to offer them an appropriately targeted treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer Multicenterstudie wurden insgesamt 100 Patienten mit chronischer Urtikaria mittels eines standardisierten Persönlichkeitstests (Gießen-Test), eines standardisierten Beschwerdebogens (Gießener Beschwerdebogen) und eines selbstentwickelten Fragebogens zu Symptomatik, Krankengeschichte und Verhalten im Krankheitsschub befragt. Ein knappes Drittel der untersuchten Patienten zeigte erhöhte Depressionswerte und einen hohen Beschwerdedruck, der sich aus Körpersymptomen zusammensetzt, die im Rahmen einer Depression auftreten können. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse erlauben es nicht, eine chronische Urtikaria per se als Somatisierungsstörung aufzufassen. Da bei einem Drittel der untersuchten Patienten hinsichtlich der Depressivität Abweichungen von der Normalbevölkerung zu finden sind, wird für eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultandiagnostik plädiert, um den Urtikariapatienten eine der unterschiedlich individuellen Gesamtproblematik entsprechende Behandlung zukommen zu lassen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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