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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of aldose reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and Na+/myo-inositol and Na+/Cl–/betaine transporter mRNAs in individual cells of the kidney during changes in the diuretic state (1999)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 437 (1999), S. 248-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Aldose reductase (AR) ; Antidiuresis ; Diuresis ; Na+/Cl-/betaine cotransporter (BGT) ; Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter (SMIT) ; Non-radioactive in situ hybridization ; Osmoregulation ; Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The effect of changes in medullary extracellular tonicity on mRNA expression for aldose reductase (AR), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), Na+/Cl–/betaine (BGT) and Na+/myo-inositol (SMIT) cotransporter in different kidney zones was studied using Northern blot analysis and non-radioactive in situ hybridization in four groups of rats: controls, acute diuresis (the loop diuretic furosemide was administered), chronic diuresis (5 days of diuresis), and antidiuresis [5 days of diuresis followed by 24 h deamino-Cys1,d-Arg8 vasopressin (dDAVP)]. Acute administration of the loop diuretic furosemide significantly reduced AR, SMIT and BGT gene expression in the inner and outer medulla compared with controls. Administration of dDAVP to chronically diuretic rats raised the expression of these three mRNAs in the inner but not the outer medulla compared with the chronically diuretic rats. None of these alterations in medullary tonicity significantly changed SDH expression. The in situ hybridization studies showed AR, BGT and SMIT mRNAs to be expressed in both epithelial and non-epithelial cells of the outer and inner medulla. The various cell types (epithelial, endothelial and interstitial cells) differed in their expression pattern and intensity of AR, SDH, BGT and SMIT mRNA, but the inner medullary cells responded uniformly to a decrease in extracellular tonicity with a reduction, and to an increase with enhancement of their AR, BGT and SMIT expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050776
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Na+/Cl–/betaine and Na+/myo-inositol transporters, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase in macula densa cells of the kidney (1998)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 436 (1998), S. 807-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Aldose reductase ; In situ hybridization ; Macula densa ; Na+/Cl ; /betaine cotransporter ; Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter ; Osmolytes ; Sorbitol dehydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  It has been suggested that macula densa cells may be exposed to hyperosmotic stress. Since chronic exposure to hypertonic stress causes the amount of intracellular organic osmolytes to increase, the expression of transporters and enzymes that participate in the intracellular accumulation of organic osmolytes was examined using non-radioactive in situ hybridization in the macula densa region of control rats and furosemide-treated animals. Both the sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter (BGT) and sodium-dependent myo-inositol transporter (SMIT) were expressed preferentially in macula densa cells and for both mRNAs the signal intensity was visibly reduced by furosemide. The enzymes aldose reductase (which mediates the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (which converts sorbitol into fructose) were expressed not only in macula densa cells but also in the surrounding tubular cells, and the expression was insensitive to furosemide. Thus it remains unclear whether the expression of BGT and SMIT is related to a putative hypertonic juxtaglomerular region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050707
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular response to osmotic stress in the renal medulla (1998)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 436 (1998), S. 814-827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Antidiuresis ; Diuresis ; Heat shock proteins ; Ionic strength ; Organic osmolytes ; Osmotic stress ; Renal medulla
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cells of the renal medulla, which are exposed under normal physiological conditions to widely fluctuating extracellular solute concentrations, respond to hypertonic stress by accumulating the organic osmolytes glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), betaine, myo-inositol, sorbitol and free amino acids. Increased intracellular contents of these osmolytes are achieved by a combination of increased uptake (myo-inositol and betaine) and synthesis (sorbitol, possibly GPC), decreased degradation (GPC) and reduced osmolyte release. In the medulla of the concentrating kidney, accumulation of organic osmolytes, which do not perturb cell function even at high concentrations, allows the maintenance of ”normal” intracellular concentrations of inorganic electrolytes. Adaptation to decreasing extracellular solute concentrations, e.g. diuresis, is achieved primarily by activation of pathways allowing the efflux of organic osmolytes, and secondarily by inactivation of production (sorbitol) and uptake (betaine, myo-inositol) and stimulation of degradation (GPC). Apart from modulation of the osmolyte content, osmolality-dependent reorganization of the cytoskeleton and expression of specific stress proteins (heat shock proteins) may be further, as yet poorly characterized, components of the regulatory systems involved in the adaptation of medullary cells to osmotic stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050710
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of the gene coding for parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) during tooth development in the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) ; Teeth ; In situ hybridization ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. By means of in situ hybridisation studies, it is shown that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) mRNA is strongly expressed in the developing enamel organs of rat teeth. In particular, the cervical loop hybridises strongly with the PTHrP probe and expression is maintained at this site throughout life in the permanently erupting incisor teeth. In mature molar teeth, expression is downregulated to low levels and confined to the epithelial cell rests of Malassez and/or cementoblasts which may derive from these. The gene is also expressed at low levels in the tissue overlying the erupting molars and, thereafter, in the junctional epithelia and connective tissue cells of the epithelial attachment on all tooth surfaces. The premise that PTHrP may undergo post-translational processing and that the resultant products could act in different ways raises the possibility of its exerting multiple paracrine actions during tooth development. These could include the control of cell division and local vascular dilation during development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307800
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of the gene coding for parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) during tooth development in the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) ; Teeth ; In situ hybridization ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By means of in situ hybridisation studies, it is shown that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) mRNA is strongly expressed in the developing enamel organs of rat teeth. In particular, the cervical loop hybridises strongly with the PTHrP probe and expression is maintained at this site throughout life in the permanently erupting incisor teeth. In mature molar teeth, expression is downregulated to low levels and confined to the epithelial cell rests of Malassez and/or cementoblasts which may derive from these. The gene is also expressed at low levels in the tissue overlying the erupting molars and, thereafter, in the junctional epithelia and connective tissue cells of the epithelial attachment on all tooth surfaces. The premise that PTHrP may undergo post-translational processing and that the resultant products could act in different ways raises the possibility of its exerting multiple paracrine actions during tooth development. These could include the control of cell division and local vascular dilation during development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307800
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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