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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration and biosynthesis of dytiscid defensive agents (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 1449-1464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Dytiscidae ; Agabus seriatus ; Agabus obtusatus ; defensive secretions ; steroids ; regeneration ; pygidial glands ; prothoracic glands ; cholesterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The defensive secretions of the dytiscid species,Agabus seriatus (Say) andAgabus obtusatus (Say), were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The intrinsic ability ofA. Seriatus andA. Obtusatus to regenerate their prothoracic gland defensive secretions under laboratory conditions was determined by analyzing the secretions every seventh day for five weeks. Both beetles regenerated ∼ 80% of their prothoracic gland components within two weeks.A. seriatus was injected with [4-14C]cholesterol and after a three-week regeneration period 7.5% of the14Clabel was found in the steroidal defensive secretion from the prothoracic glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological activity of water beetle defensive agents. I. Toxicity and anesthetic activity of steroids and norsesquiterpenes administered in solution to the minnowPimephales promelas Raf. (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 115-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dytiscidae ; Gyrinidae ; chemical defense ; 4-pregnen-3-ones ; gyrinidal ; gyrinidione ; gyrinidone ; steroids ; norsesquiterpenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract By means of a bioassay employing the minnowPimephales promelas, the anesthetic activities and toxicities of various defensive steroids and norsesquiterpenes produced by the Dytiscidae and Gyrinidae were compared with those of a wide selection of steroid standards. The most widely occurring major components of dytiscid secretions, 4-pregnen-3-ones and related derivatives, were among those compounds most active in minnow bioassays. The norsesquiterpenes gyrinidal and gyrinidione were among the most toxic compounds tested but they possessed little anesthetic action. The anesthetic activity of gyrinidone was comparable to that of testosterone. Steroid activity in the minnow bioassay was highly related to the degree of oxygenation; steroids oxygenated only at the termini of the molecule were most active. Less or additional oxygenation resulted in a loss of activity. When steroids were rapidly administered to minnows the activities of many of them were similar, suggesting they share a common mode of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987736
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defensive secretions of three species ofAcilius (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) and their seasonal variations as determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 643-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Dytiscidae ; high-pressure liquid chromatography ; Acilius semisulcatus ; Acilius sylvanus ; Acilius mediatus ; quantitation ; defensive secretions ; steroids ; benzoic acid ; methylp-hydroxybenzoate ; p-hydroxybenzaldehyde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid, sensitive, stable, and quantitative high-pressure liquid chromatographic technique was developed for the analysis of defensive secretions obtained from the pygidial and prothoracic glands of dytiscids. Methods were developed for both normal phase (μPorasil) and reverse phase (μBondapak C18) columns. The applicability of this technique was demonstrated when defensive compounds ofAcilius semiculcatus, A. sylvanus andA. mediatus were isolated, identified, and quantitated. No major differences were found in the composition of the defensive secretions between the three species. The seasonal defensive titer ofA. semisulcatus was determined from June through October 1977. The pygidial defensive agents (benzoic acid,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and methylp-hydroxybenzoate varied from 9.0 to 67.8 μg and exhibited a maximum in July, and a steroid from the prothoracic gland varied from 7.1 to 33.2 μg and was maximum in October.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986549
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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