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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of a poly(terephthaloylphosphine) (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 199 (1992), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(phenylphosphindiylterephthaloyl), ein neues phosphorhaltiges Polymeres, wurde durch Lösungspolykondensation von Dilithium(phenyl)phosphin mit Terephthaloylchlorid bei niedriger Temperatur hergestellt. Es ist in polaren aprotischen Lösungsmitteln löslich; die inhärente Viskosität in DMF bei 30°C beträgt 19 ml/g. Das Polymere wurde mittels Elementaranalyse sowie IR- und 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. TGA-Messungen ergeben, daß das Polymere in Luft bis 250°C stabil ist; es ist selbstverlöschend.
    Notes: Poly(phenylphosphinediylterephthaloyl), a novel phosphorus-containing polymer, was synthesized by low-temperature solution polycondensation of dilithio(phenyl)-phosphine with terephthaloyl chloride. The resulting polymer is soluble in polar aprotic solvents, having inherent viscosity of 19 ml/g in DMF at 30°C. The polymer was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. TGA data show that the polymer is stable up to 250°C in air. The polymer was found to be self-extinguishing.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1992.051990101
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multicorner variable order singularity triangle to model neighbouring singularities (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 35 (1992), S. 391-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A six noded triangular finite element has been proposed to model variable order singularities in the first derivatives of field variables occurring at multiple locations (up to three) lying in close proximity. The element satisfies the convergence requirements fully. The element will be very useful in the analysis of neighbouring cracks, zig-zag cracks, kinked cracks, etc., involving mechanical and/or thermal loadings. The first degenerate form, which is a two point variable order singularity element, can be used, for example, to cover the distance between two adjacent crack tips. The second degenerate form, which is a one point variable order singularity element, can be used around a crack tip like any other crack tip elements. Six case studies have been reported, three involving mechanical loadings and the other three thermal loadings. These have helped to check the performance of the element and its two degenerate forms. The accuracy of the results in all the examples is good.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620350210
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of a new bismaleimide resin matrix for composites (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1991), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Durch Kondensation von 3-Nitrophthalsäureanhydrid mit 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylether und anschließende Reaktion mit Bisphenol-A wurde ein Diamin erhalten, das mit Maleinsäure zu einem Ethergruppen enthaltenden Bismaleimid-Monomeren umgesetzt wurde; dieses wurde mittels Elementaranalyse, IR-und NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Es ist in niedrigsiedenden Lösemitteln sehr gut löslich und vernetzt bei Temperaturen oberhalb 200°C. Das ausgehärtete Produkt ist in allen Lösemitteln unlöslich, einschließlich konz. H2SO4. Das thermische Verhalten des Bismaleimids wurde durch TGA, DTA und isotherme Alterung untersucht; das Polymere ist stabil bis 300°C.
    Notes: A bismaleimide monomer containing etherimide linkages was synthesized from 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, diamino diphenyl ether and bisphenol-A by the principle of activated nucleophilic displacement reaction and finally reacting the produced diamine with maleic anhydride. The monomer was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy. It is highly soluble in low boiling solvents such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, etc. It forms a cross-linked polymer on heating to 200°C and higher. The cured product is completely insoluble in usual solvents including conc. H2SO4. The thermal behaviour of the bismaleimide was studied by TGA, DTA and isothermal aging. The polymer is stable up to 300°C. Laminates prepared with this resin and carbon fiber are almost void-free and possess good mechanical and thermal properties. These properties are compared with earlier reported bismaleimide imide prepolymer based composite.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1991.051890105
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on binary and ternary blends of polypropylene with ABS and LDPE. II. Impact and tensile properties (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 515-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies on impact and tensile properties of binary blend of PP and ABS and ternary blend of PP, ABS, and LDPE are presented. Variation of impact strength and the fracture surface morphology with blend composition is examined and interpreted. Tensile behavior in the yield region is studied and the trends of variation of work of yield and impact strength are compared to ascertain the predominent mechanism of impact toughening in these binary and ternary blends. An analysis of yield-stress data in terms of theoretical models is presented to reveal the differences in these binary and ternary blends, attributable to the role of LDPE component in the ternary blend.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070390303
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(butylene terephthalate)/high density polyethylene alloys. II. Mechanical properties and rheology (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 1837-1847 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Alloys of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in 80 : 20 ratio were prepared using a polyethylene-based ionomer as a compatibilizer. The effect of the addition of this compatibilizer on mechanical and rheological properties of the PBT/HDPE blends was examined. The mechanical properties studied were tensile, flexural, and impact properties as a function of ionomer content. Ultimate mechanical properties showed significant improvement on addition of ionomer. This has been attributed to an increase in the interfacial adhesion between the two phases in the presence of the compatibilizer. Rheological measurements showed that shear viscosity increased for the blend with the addition of the compatibilizer. An explanation for this behavior is presented on the basis of the theory of emulsions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070451018
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal characteristics of silver powder-filled polypropylene composites (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1091-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal properties of silver powder-filled polypropylene composites were studied as a function of filler concentration. Thermal conductivities of the composites increased with filler content. Comparison of the data with theoretical predictive models for two-phase systems showed that the Nielson equation agreed reasonably well with the measured values. A TGA study showed that presence of silver powder increased the thermal stability of polypropylene through an increase in activation energy. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composites exhibited a decreased in the presence of Ag powder. Surface treatment of Ag powder with a titanate coupling agent marginally increased thermal conductivity and decreased thermal expansion coefficient values, implying a degree of enhance adhesion of the filler with the polymer. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520810
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the polyblends of poly(vinyl chloride) with various methacrylate copolymers, physical and mechanical properties. I (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1401-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of blending various methacrylate copolymers on the physical and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) has been investigated. Copolymers of methylmethacrylate with methylacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate in 80:20 and 50:50 wit methylmethacrylate have been prepared and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Polyblends of PVC and such polyacrylates have been prepared in 80:20 ratio by melt blending technique and characterized by thermomechanical analysis to study the glass transition behavior vis-à-vis the compatibility of these blends. Mechanical properties of these blends revealed a substantial increase in impact strength particularly when long chain acrylate polymers like butyl acrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylates are used; however, there is a decrease in the yield stress and initial modulus. A shift from brittle failure to ductility has been observed in blends of PVC on incorporation of these acrylate copolymers. Scanning electron microscopic studies have been carried out to support these observations.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380801
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the polyblends of poly(vinyl chloride) with various methacrylate copolymers, melt rheological properties. II (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1421-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies have been made on the melt rheological properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate (EHA) at a blending ratio of 80:20. Effect of blend composition on shear stress-shear rate, melt viscosity, melt elasticity, and extrudate distortion have been studied. A significant decrease in the melt viscosity is observed on incorporation of low Tg, acrylate copolymers such as those with BA and EHA, thereby reducing the processing temperature. First normal stress and die swell ratio also decreases with an increase in the side chains of acrylate copolymer. PVC blended with P(MMA-co-BA) and P(MMA-co-EHA) is sensitive to both temperature and shear stress.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380802
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on binary and ternary blends of polypropylene with ABS and LDPE. I. Melt rheological behavior (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1699-1717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies are presented on melt rheological properties of binary blend of polypropylene (PP) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS), and ternary blend of PP, ABS, and low-den-sity polyethylene (LDPE). Data obtained in capillary rheometer are presented to describe the effect of blending ratio, shear stress, and shear rate on flow properties, melt viscosity, and melt elasticity. At a blend composition corresponding to 10 wt % ABS content, both binary and ternary blends show maximum in melt viscosity accompanied by minimum in melt elasticity. Pseudoplasticity of the melt decreases with increasing ABS content. In ternary blends, LDPE facilitates the flow at low LDPE contents and obstructs the flow at high LDPE contents. Scanning electron microscopic studies are also presented to illustrate the state of dispersion and its variation with blend composition.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380910
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of i-PP/CaCO3 composites (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 3101-3110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Tensile and impact behavior of CaCO3-filled polypropylene was studied in the composition range 0-60 wt % filler. Tensile modulus increased while tensile strength and breaking elongation decreased with increase in CaCO3 content. The modulus increase and elongation decrease were attributed to increased filler-polymer interaction resulting in reduction in molecular mobility, while increased amorphization and obstruction to stress transfer accounted for the tensile strength decrease. Analysis of tensile strength data showed introduction of stress concentration in the composites. Izod impact strength at first increased up to a critical CaCO3 content, beyond which the value decreased. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with a titanate coupling agent LICA 12 enhances the adhesion of the filler and polymer, which further modifies the strength properties. Scanning electron microscopic studies indicated better dispersion of CaCO3 particles upon surface treatment, which effected the changes in the strength properties of the composites.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070421204
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