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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 21 (1995), S. 571-590 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: CDF ; predictions ; laser Doppler anemometry ; inlet port ; cylinder ; turbulence ; steady flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a combined experimental and computational study of the steady flow through an internal combustion engine inlet port. The port was of generic design with a straight centreline. The three-dimensional velocity and turbulence fields in the port and cylinder were simulated using a computational fluid dynamics programme. Laser sheet flow visualization and laser Doppler anemometry were also employed to investigate the flows and assess the predictions. The results show that a large-scale flow structure is created in the cylinder by the inlet jet and its interaction with the valve and cylinder walls. Both predictions and measurements show that the flow is strongly dependent on the valve lift but is not affected by the flow rate. Comparisons of the numerical predictions with the experimental data indicated that the mean flow features are accurately predicted in many parts of the flow field; some discrepancies are evident and stem primarily from the failure of the simulation to predict a small recirculation region in the port which affects the trajectory of the annular jet entering the cylinder. Calculations were also made without modelling the port shape by using simplified inlet conditions upstream of the valve seat. It was found that this approximation can provide a reasonable, albeit less accurate, description of the flow, but modelling of the port shape is necessary for accurate flow predictions.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 23 (1996), S. 1085-1109 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: intake port ; dual intake ; CFD ; laser Doppler anemometry ; internal combustion engine ; cylinder ; turbulence ; steady flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The influence of intake port design on the flow field in a dual-intake valve engine was investigated using computational fluid dynamics, in order to study the effect of inlet port design on the in-cylinder flow. A detailed 3D computational grid incorporating all the features of the Ford Zetec production engine inlet ports, valves and cylinder head was initially created and the flow structure modelled at 5 and 10 mm valve lifts under steady flow conditions. Comparisons of computational results with experimental data obtained by laser Doppler anemometry indicate that the flow characteristics have been predicted well in most regions. Flow generated by different intake port designs was also simulated by introducing air into the cylinder at different directions to the inlet valve axes and the effects of port deactivation, throttling and exhaust gas recirculation were examined. The implications of the results for intake port design are discussed.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 33 (1992), S. 39-57 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The h-p method for solving partial differential equations uses discretizations where the grid size h and the polynomial degree p are varied to obtain the most efficiency in the computing of approximate solutions. It has been known for many years that increasing p can dramatically improve efficiency and that the current common practice of keeping p = 1 is a particularly poor choice. For problems with singularities, good efficiency requires that the grid be refined near the points with singularities so the h-p method also requires a grid refinement scheme. We compare two such schemes here which we call E-Refinement (proposed by Babuska and colleagues recently) and Q-Refinement (proposed by Rice in the 1960's). Both of these schemes have been shown to have asymptotically optimal order of convergence.The actual behaviours of these two schemes are quite different in practice and the mechanisms for choosing good values of h, p and the grid refinement parameters are also quite different. This paper presents the results of a systematic experimental study of these two methods and discusses the difficulty of choosing highly efficient h, p and grid refinement parameters. Our study confirms that these two refinements are of approximately equal efficiency given such good choices. The data suggest that the Q-Refinement is more efficient but the advantage is not dramatic given the uncertainties inherent in choosing numerical methods for practical applications. We conclude that it is substantially simpler to make good choices for the Q-Refinement than for the E-Refinement.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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