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Immunogenetic heterogeneity in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes among Japanese — HLA antigens and organ-specific autoantibodies (1989)

Kida, K. ; Mimura, G. ; Kobayashi, T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 34-39

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ISSN: 1432-0428

Keywords: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes ; HLA ; auto-antibodies ; islet cell antibody

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary HLA phenotypes and haplotypes in relation to organ-specific autoantibody responses were studied in 82 Japanese patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. HLA-DRw9 antigen and HLA phenotype of DRw9/X (X: not DR4) were increased in patients with organ-specific autoantibodies other than islet cell antibody (CP〈0.02, RR=4.02 and p〈0.05, RR=2.30, respectively); whereas HLA-DR4 antigen and HLA phenotype of DR4/X (X: not DRw9) were increased in those without the autoantibodies (CP〈0.001, RR=3.95 and p〈0.01, RR=2.46, respectively). HLA haplotype of Bw61-DRw9 was increased in patients with the autoantibodies (p〈0.005, RR=4.94), and HLA haplotype of Bw54-DR4 was increased in those without the autoantibodies (p〈0.001, RR=5.52). The relative risk of HLA-DR4/DRw9 was the highest among all HLA-DR phenotypes or genotypes in patients either with or without the autoantibodies. No association was, however, found between the incidence of islet cell antibody and HLA-DR phenotypes. These findings suggest that Type 1 diabetes among Japanese is immunogenetically heterogeneous as is Type 1 diabetes among Caucasians; and the differences in HLA-association of Type 1 diabetes among ethnic groups might give a clue to understanding of a role of HLA-antigens in the development of Type 1 diabetes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265401

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Response of sensory receptors of the cat's hindlimb to a transient, step-function DC electric field (1986)

Kato, M. ; Ohta, S. ; Kobayashi, T. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Bioelectromagnetics 7 (1986), S. 395-404

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ISSN: 0197-8462

Keywords: hair receptors ; afferent impulses ; neurophysiology ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Physics

Notes: There are two possible mechanisms of effects of large electric fields on animals, one caused by the electric field at the body surface and the other caused by the electric current induced inside the body. The purpose of the present experiments was to investigate the former possibility by recording action potentials from afferent fibers innervating various sensory receptors in the cat's hindlimb. Cat hairs were attracted to the upper electrode when exposed to DC electric fields of 180 kV/m or greater, and action potentials were evoked in the afferent fibers innervating G1, G2, and down hair receptors. No action potentials were evoked in afferent fibers innervating type I, type II, field receptors, muscle spindles, or joint receptors. These results indicate that a strong DC electric field induced movement of the hairs, eventually evoked excitation of the hair receptors, but that other receptors located under the skin were not influenced by electric field exposure.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.