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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (9)
  • Haloperidol  (5)
  • Electrochemical detection  (3)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute effects of neuroleptics on brain self-stimulation thresholds in rats (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 67 (1980), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Brain self-stimulation ; Thresholds ; Neuroleptics ; Haloperidol ; Loxapine ; Chlorpromazine ; Pimozide ; Clozapine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The acute effects of 5 neuroleptic drugs were tested in rats implanted with stimulating electrodes in the medial forebrain bundle and trained in a brain selfstimulation threshold procedure. Haloperidol (0.01–0.10 mg/kg) and loxapine (0.03–0.56 mg/kg) produced increases in reinforcement thresholds accompanied by reductions in response rates. Chlorpromazine (0.10–3.0 mg/kg) did not significantly alter reinforcement thresholds, but did produce dose-dependent reductions in response rates. Pimozide (0.1–1.75 mg/kg) was similar to chlorpromazine and significantly increased the reinforcement threshold only at the highest dose, although a graded decrease in response rates occurred over a wide dose-range. Clozapine (0.1–1.75 mg/kg) increased reinforcement thresholds without producing any significant changes in response rates, but when 3.0 mg/kg was administered, a marked disruption of behavior occurred. The results suggested that a distinction can be made between the effects of neuroleptics on motor behavior and on central reinforcement thresholds, and this may help in the interpretation of the relation between the chemical and clinical potency of antipsychotic drugs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427589
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Serum and CSF levels of haloperidol by radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay during high-dose therapy of resistant schizophrenic patients (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 73 (1981), S. 197-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Haloperidol ; Blood levels ; CSF ; Pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of haloperidol were measured in 12 chronic neuroleptic-non-responsive schizophrenic patients after 1 month on 60 mg haloperidol daily and then again after 1 month on 120 mg haloperidol daily. Serum haloperidol and CSF haloperidol rose with increasing dose. Serum and CSF levels were significantly correlated. No clinical improvement was achieved despite the high serum and CSF drug levels.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429218
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Haloperidol and lithium blocking of the mood response to intravenous methylphenidate (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 57 (1978), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Methylphenidate ; Haloperidol ; Lithium ; Euphoria ; Manic-depressive ; Dopamine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Ten euthymic manic-depressive patients with therapeutic plasma lithium levels were each given two i.v. infusions of 30 mg of methylphenidate. The infusions were separated by at least 3 days. Before one infusion each patient was given 5 mg of haloperidol i.v. and before the other infusion each was given an identical volume of saline. A psychiatric observer was blind to the nature of the pretreatment and the order of pretreatment was randomized. Saline pretreated patients showed marked activation and euphoriant responses despite therapeutic lithium levels. Haloperidol pretreatment reduced this response in three patients and eliminated the euphoriant and activating response in the remaining seven patients. These results agree with the existence of a dopaminergic step in the induction of methylphenidate-induced activation and euphoria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426962
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of haloperidol on epinephrine-stimulated adenylate cyclase in humans (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Lithium ; Haloperidol ; Epinephrine ; Adenylate cyclase ; Mania
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Administration of epinephrine in man has been shown previously to lead to a rise in plasma cyclic AMP levels by activation of the β-adrenergic-stimulated adenylate cyclase. Therapeutic doses of lithium in humans block the epinephrine-induced rise in plasma cyclic AMP levels, suggesting that lithium inhibits β-adrenergic adenylate cyclase. In contrast, ten subjects receiving haloperidol, a drug also effective in the treatment of mania, show a mean rise in plasma cyclic AMP levels after epinephrine administration and the magnitude of the response is the same as for non-drug treated individuals. These findings are discussed in relation to the possible pharmacological mechanisms of action of lithium and haloperidol in the control of mania.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427293
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The discriminative stimulus properties and detection thresholds of intracranial self-stimulation: Effects of d-amphetamine, morphine, and haloperidol (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Discriminative stimulus properties ; ICSS detection thresholds ; d-Amphetamine ; Morphine ; Haloperidol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A two-choice discrimination task was used to evaluate the effects of psychoactive drugs on the discriminative stimulus properties of brain self-stimulation in rats. In these experiments, brain stimulation served both as a discriminative stimulus and as a reinforcing stimulus, but the two effects were manipulated separately. Animals were trained to a criterion of 95% correct in choosing between two levers, and when this levels of accuracy was reached, the ability to choose correctly remained stable over an 8-month period. Increasing the current strength of the discriminative stimulus from zero to 100% of the training current produced a graded increase in the number of trials completed on the appropriate lever. The discriminative effects produced by brain stimulation were evaluated pharmacologically by using three prototypical psychoactive drugs in an attempt to change the detection threshold for the discriminative stimulus. Morphine, d-amphetamine, and haloperidol, drugs that reliably alter reinforcement thresholds for brain stimulation, failed to change detection thresholds. These results demonstrated that: (1) brain stimulation produces potent and reliable discriminative effects and (2) the effects of psychoactive drugs on detection thresholds can be dissociated from their effects on reinforcement thresholds for brain stimulation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428189
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth and analysis of crystal forms of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 17 (1993), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): bacterial toxins ; superantigens ; X-ray crystallography ; crystallization ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Native toxic shock syndrom toxin 1 (TSST-1) purified from Staphylococcus aurius has been crystallized in four different forms. The highest resolution data (2.05 Å) was collected from orthorhombic crystals belonging to the space group C2221. The unit cell dimension are a = 108.7 Å, b = 177.5 Å, c = 97.6 Å. Rotation function analysis of this from indicates that there is trimer of toxin molecules in the asymmetric unit with a local 3-fold axis parallel to the crystallographic c axis. Crystals of a double mutant of TSST-1 have been grown which has a single molecule in the asymmetric unit and diffract to 1.9 Å. The space group is P21 with unit cell parameters of a = 44.4 Å, b = 34.0 Å, c = 55.2 Å, β = 93.0°. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340170310
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crystal structure of CTP-ligated T state aspartate transcarbamoylase at 2.5 Å resolution: Implications for ATCase mutants and the mechanism of negative cooperativity (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 15 (1993), S. 147-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): X-ray crystallography ; pAR5 mutant ; allosteric enzyme ; ligand-induced negative cooperativity ; alternative amino acid conformations ; coordinate error ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The X-ray crystal structure of CTP-ligated T state aspartate transcarbamoylase has been refined to an R factor of 0.182 at 2.5 Å resolution using the computer program X-PLOR. The structure contains 81 sites for solvent and has rms deviations from ideality in bond lengths and bond angles of 0.018 Å and 3.722°, respectively. The cytosine base of CTP interacts with the main chain carbonyl oxygens of rTyr-89 and rIle-12, the main chain NH of rIle-12, and the amino group of rLys-60. The ribose hydroxyls form polar contacts with the amino group of rLys-60, a carboxylate oxygen of rAsp-19, and the main chain carbonyl oxygen of rVal-9. The phosphate oxygens of CTP interact with the amino group of rLys-94, the hydroxyl of rThr-82, and an imidazole nitrogen of rHis-20. Recent mutagenesis experiments evaluated in parallel with the structure reported here indicate that alterations in the hydrogen bonding environment of the side chain of rAsn-111 may be responsible for the homotropic behavior of the pAR5 mutant of ATCase. The location of the first seven residues of the regulatory chain has been identified for the first time in a refined ATCase crystal structure, and the proximity of this portion of the regulatory chain to the allosteric site suggests a potential role for these residues in nucleotide binding to the enzyme. Finally, a series of amino acid side chain rearrangements leading from the R1 CTP allosteric to the R6 CTP allosteric site has been identified which may constitute the molecular mechanism of distinct CTP binding sites on ATCase. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340150206
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grain sorghum stillage recycling: Effect on ethanol yield and stillage quality (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 1735-1738 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Stillage obtained from ethanol production of grain sorghum was separated into two fractions: thin stillage and wet solids. A portion of the thin stillage was recycled as cooking water in subsequent fermentation runs using both bench- and full-scale ethanol production plants. When thin stillage replaced 50-75% of the cooking water, large increases occurred in solids content, COD, and EC of the resulting thin stillage. It was found that while the volume of thin stillage requiring treatment or disposal was reduced, there was little reduction in the total pollutant load. Stillage rcycling had little effect on the quality of the stillage wet solids fraction. At the high levels of stillage recycle used, ethanol yield was reduced after three to five runs of consecutive recycling.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260271217
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of centrifugation on the viability of Burkitt lymphoma cellsContribution No. 1126 from the Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Presented at the 154th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois, September 10-15, 1967. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 10 (1968), S. 641-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: This study reports some findings on the effects of centrifugation on the viability of mammalian cells. The authors used Burkitt lymphoma cells cultivated in a synthetic medium containing 10% fetal calf serum for all experiments. Batch centrifugations were conducted in a RC2-B centrifuge (Ivan Sorvall, Incorporated, Norwalk, Connecticut USA) operated at 0 and 25°C. During centrifugation we exposed the cells to gravitational fields ranging from 24,800 to 42.200g. The results showed that at, 0°C and 25,800 or 42,000g no loss in cell viability occurred for up to 90 min exposures in the centrifugal field. However, at 25°C and for gravitational fields of 24,800 and 42,000g, there were appreciable losses in cell viability. Continuous centrifugation studies in the Sharples supercentrifuge (Division of Penn Salt Corporation, Warminister, Pennsylvania USA) were also conducted with bowl speeds up to 28,000 rpm (19,000g) and flow rates ranging from 1.4 to 20 1, hr. Slight, losses in cell viability were noted and postulated as caused by the shear stresses encountered by the cells. Some pumping studies using the lymphoma cells substantiate this conclusion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260100509
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A cell adhesion peptide from foot-and-mouth disease virus can direct cell targeted delivery of a functional enzyme (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 59 (1998), S. 294-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): RGD ; FMDV ; internalization ; integrins ; cell binding ; β-galactosidase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The G-H loop of foot-and-mouth disease virus is a disordered protrusion of the VP1 protein exposed on the virion surface. This short stretch includes an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide, a recognized integrin-binding motif, which is responsible for cell attachment and infection. Eight copies of a peptide reproducing the amino acid sequence of this FMDV ligand have been displayed in solvent-exposed regions on an enzymatically active recombinant β-galactosidase. This viral peptide segment enables the chimeric enzyme to bind mammalian cell lines with different efficiencies, probably depending on the number of suitable cell receptors present on each of them. Moreover, it also promotes the internalization of the attached enzyme, which is transiently active inside the cells. These results suggest further exploration of the potential use of short adhesion peptides of viral origin as cell attachment tags to direct the targeted delivery of both genes and enzymes, instead of whole, infectious viruses. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:294-301, 1998.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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