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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (5)
  • Human  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological modelling of physiological variables during temperature variations at rest (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 34 (1990), S. 76-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Rheology ; Human ; Heart rate ; Oxygen consumption ; Body temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The evolution with time of cardio-respiratory variables, blood pressure and body temperature has been studied on six males, resting in semi-nude conditions during short (30 min) cold stress exposure (0°C) and during passive recovery (60 min) at 20°C. Passive cold exposure does not induce a change inHR but increasesVO 2,VCO 2 Ve and core temperatureT re, whereas peripheral temperature is significantly lowered. The kinetic evolution of the studied variables was investigated using a Kelvin-Voigt rheological model. The results suggest that the human body, and by extension the measured physiological variables of its functioning, does not react as a perfect viscoelastic system. Cold exposure induces a more rapid adaptation for heart rate, blood pressure and skin temperatures than that observed during the rewarming period (20°C), whereas respiratory adjustments show an opposite evolution. During the cooling period of the experiment the adaptative mechanisms, taking effect to preserve core homeothermy and to obtain a higher oxygen supply, increase the energy loss of the body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01093451
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reorganisation of descending motor pathways in patients after hemispherectomy and severe hemispheric lesions demonstrated by magnetic brain stimulation (1991)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 83 (1991), S. 419-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Magnetic brain stimulation ; Hemispherectomy ; Corticospinal tract ; Cortico-reticulospinal pathways ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Numerous clinical studies on patients after hemispherectomy (HS) have provided clear evidence that two distinct groups can be recognized on the basis of the quality of their motor functions after operation. One of these consists of cases where HS was performed after normal brain maturation, the other of patients where the removed hemisphere was damaged early in life. The post-operative motor function has been found to be much better in the latter group. In the present paper it is demonstrated that in contrast to normal subjects ipsilateral compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) induced by magnetic stimulation of the one intact motor cortex are present in patients after HS. The amplitudes of ipsilateral CMAPs in the muscles roughly correlate with their individual residual motor capacities and show a proximo-distal gradient. In patients with early brain damage prior to HS, CMAPs had short latencies and large amplitudes, whereas in patients with later acquired brain damage prior to HS, CMAPs had long latencies and small amplitudes. It is suggested that reinforcement of the ipsilateral corticospinal pathway may be responsible for residual motor functions in patients with early brain damage, whereas in patients with later acquired brain damage cortico-reticulospinal pathways may play a dominant role in ipsilateral motor control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231167
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of neurons in the white matter of the adult human neocortex (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 88 (1992), S. 204-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex of man ; Morphology of white matter neurons ; Subplate cells ; Golgi method ; Immunohistochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurons in the human cerebral cortical white matter below motor, visual, auditory and prefrontal orbital areas have been studied with the Golgi method, immunohistochemistry and diaphorase histochemistry. The majority of white matter neurons are pyramidal cells displaying the typical polarized, spiny dendritic system. The morphological variety includes stellate forms as well as bipolar pyramidal cells, and the expression of a certain morphological phenotype seems to depend on the position of the neuron. Spineless nonpyramidal neurons with multipolar to bitufted dendritic fields constitute less than 10% of the nuerons stained for microtubule associated protein (MAP-2). Only 3% of the MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons display nicotine adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase activity. The white matter pyramidal neurons are arranged in radial rows continuous with the columns of layer VI neurons. Neuron density is highest below layer VI, and decreases with increasing distance from the gray matter. White matter neurons are especially abundant below the primary motor cortex, and are least frequent below the visual cortex area 17. In contrast to other mammalian species, the white matter neurons in man are not only present during development, but persist throughout life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259143
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional organisation of corticonuclear pathways to motoneurones of lower facial muscles in man (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 101 (1994), S. 465-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Magnetic stimulation ; Single motor units ; Lower facial muscles ; Corticobulbar connexions ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract EMG responses were recorded from lower facial muscles (depressor labii inferioris or depressor anguli oris) of 12 normal subjects after magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex. Using a figure-of-eight stimulating coil, the largest responses were obtained from points around 8–10 cm lateral to the vertex. Usually they were bilateral and had the same latency (11–12 ms) on both sides of the face. Patients with complete Bell's palsy had no response in muscles on the same side as the lesion, indicating that the ipsilateral component to cortical stimulation was not the result of recrossing in the periphery of nerve fibres from the contralateral side. Single-unit studies showed that cortical stimulation produced two phases of motoneuronal facilitation: a short-latency (central motor delay from contralateral cortex to the intracranial portion of the facial nerve, 7.6 ms), short-duration (1– to 2-ms duration peak in the post-stimulus time histogram) input, which was more commonly evoked by contralateral than ipsilateral stimulation; and a longer latency (central delay 〉 15 ms), long-duration input evoked equally well from either hemisphere. The former may represent activity in a predominantly contralateral oligosynaptic corticobulbar pathway; the latter, a polysynaptic indirect (e.g. co-rticotegmento-nuclear) bilateral pathway to lower facial muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227339
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary excretion of acetylcyanamide in rat and human after oral and dermal application of hydrogen cyanamide (H2NCN) (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 65 (1991), S. 268-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Hydrogen cyanamide ; Rat ; Human ; Metabolism ; Urinary excretion ; Acetylcyanamide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The main urinary metabolite of hydrogen cyanamide (syn.: cyanamide) in rat and man is acetylcyanamide (syn.: N-acetylcyanamide). An analytical method was developed to determine acetylcyanamide in the urine with a limit of quantification of 〈10 μg/l (mean recovery 96.1 % using spikes of 20 μg/l; relative standard deviation 〈4%). This methodology is based upon ion chromatography using column-switch techniques and UV detection. It could be demonstrated that in rats an average of 45.6% of oral applied cyanamide (10 mg/kg) was excreted in the urine as acetylcyanamide. In male human volunteers a mean of 40% of oral administered cyanamide (mean dose 0.25 mg/kg body weight) was excreted via the urine as acetylcyanamide. The same group of volunteers participated in a skin absorption study with dermal application of the above cyanamide dose onto a skin surface area of 32 cm2. Within an application period of 6 h an average cyanamide quantity of 2.3 mg was available for skin absorption. A mean portion of 7.7% of this quantity was found as acetylcyanamide in the urine of the participants. Findings from literature state that cyanamide is metabolized in vitro to cyanide. According to examinations performed in vivo, however, such a metabolic pathway seems to be irrelevant for man. In comparison with the control values there was no significant increase of both the cyanide concentrations in the blood and the thiocyanate concentrations in the urine of the above volunteers after the described oral cyanamide administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01968960
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aspects of the capillary GC analysis of all-trans- and 13-cis-acitretin (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 637-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary GC ; On-column injection ; Plasma samples ; Retinoid analysis ; Acitretin isomers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The capillary gas chromatographic (CGC) analysis of the der-matological drug trans-acitretin (NeotigasonR) and its cis metabolite is described. Separation of the methyl ester derivatives can be achieved on a 90% biscyanopropylsiloxane phase. The importance of using cold on-column injection and short, thin film capillary columns is discussed. For patients treated with the prodrug of acitretin, etretinate (TigasonR), i.e. the ethyl ester of Neotigason, three compounds have to be separated. Selectivity tuning is required for successful CGC separation. An alternative can be found in the selectivity of ion monitoring mass spectroscopy. Analysis of plasma samples involves liquid-liquid extraction, a derivatization step, and HPLC purification.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240151003
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SFE of PAHs from soils with a high carbon content and analyte collection via combined liquid/solid trapping (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 491-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ; Liquid/solid traps ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recovered from a soil with a high carbon content (ca. 50%) with supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as well as with conventional Soxhlet extraction. The influence of temperature and modifier volume on SFE efficiency and the effect of a combined liquid/solid trap for analyte collection are investigated in this study. Such traps, which make analyte collection and clean-up possible in one step, are compared with conventional analyte collection in pure organic solvents. A comparison between reproducibility and efficiency of SFE and Soxhlet extraction is presented.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160810
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma desorption mass spectrometry of phosphopeptides: An investigation to determine the feasibility of quantifying the degree of phosphorylation (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1991), S. 565-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The intact ion yields of phosphotyrosine, phosphothreonine and mono- and diphosphoserine residue-containing peptides have been compared with the non-phosphorylated sequences using plasma desorption mass spectrometry. Equimolar mixtures of the phosphorylated (MP) and non-phosphorylated peptides (M) were also analysed. The positive mass spectra of these mixtures show a higher intensity of the [M + H]+ compared with the [MP + H]+. In the negative mass spectrum, the bias towards the [M - H]- compared with the [MP - H]- was reduced, but the spectra generally did not accurately reflect the stoichiometry.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200200910
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantification of molecular secondary ion mass spectrometry by internal standards (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 27 (1992), S. 1148-1150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210271029
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential assignments by 1H 2D NMR of oxidized ferredoxins from Clostridium pasteurianum and Clostridium acidurici (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 31 (1993), S. S27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 1H 2D NMR ; Ferredoxins ; Iron-Sulphur Redox protein ; Clostridium ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A 1H 2D NMR investigation of the oxidized 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxins from Clostridium pasteurianum and C. acidurici was carried out. Sequential assignments through standard HOHAHA and NOESY procedures were obtained for the 2-7, 23-36 and 52-55 sequence segments of both proteins. Additional assignments of the 15-17 and 44-46 segments, linking the clusters, and of a few other residues were made by taking advantage of sequence differences between the two proteins. In summary, only the immediate vicinity of the cysteine ligands could not be identified by the procedure. In these small 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxins, a large proportion of the resonances is sensitive to the presence of the paramagnetic centres and does not easily display NOE correlations. Nevertheless, long-range NOE peaks that could be observed shed light on the solution structure of these proteins. The close interaction between the N- and C-termini, previously evidenced by x-ray crystallography, was confirmed for both proteins in solution. Small differences between the ferredoxins from C. pasteurianum and C. acidurici were detected in the flexible and variable external 25-30 loop and also in the region separating the clusters. These differences may correlate with small dissimilarities previously observed between some properties of these ferredoxins.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260311308
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