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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of reappearance of fixated and attended stimuli upon saccadic reaction time (1990)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 81 (1990), S. 318-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Attention ; Fixation ; Saccadic reaction time Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of visual attention and fixation upon the distribution of saccadic latencies: express (E-), fast regular (FR-), and slow regular (SR-) saccades were investigated. Extinguishing a fixation or an attention point 200–300 ms before target onset increases the incidence of E-saccades while concurrently decreasing the proportion of SR-saccades. Since this extinction forces a disengaging of attention, these changes in relative proportions of saccades reflect the elimination of one of the steps involved in programming saccades. It is shown that a previously attended stimulus has a favored status relative to other stimuli in the visual field. If, after being turned off, the previously attended fixation point or a peripheral attention stimulus is turned on near the time of the target's appearance, the occurrence of the E-saccades is greatly reduced. However, the appearance of any other stimulus in the visual field at or near the time of the target onset does not inhibit E-saccades. Contrary to the conclusions reached by Posner and Cohen (1984), a stimulus presented at the formerly attended location can attract attention more efficiently than a stimulus presented at another, new location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228122
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between directed visual attention and saccadic reaction times (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 73 (1988), S. 546-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Attention ; Fixation ; Saccades ; Saccadic reaction times
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Saslow (1967) and Fischer and Ramsperger (1984) found that saccadic reaction time (SRT) depends on the interval between the fixation point offset and the target onset. Using a continuously visible fixation point, we asked whether a similar function would be obtained if subjects attended to a peripherally viewed point extinguished at variable intervals before or after the target onset. The interval was varied between -500ms (i.e., attention stimulus offset after saccade target onset = overlap trials) and 500ms (i.e., attention stimulus offset before saccade target onset = gap trials). The results show a constant mean SRT of about 240 ms for overlap trials, and a U-shaped function with a minimum of 140 ms, at a gap duration of 200 ms, for gap trials. These findings suggest that saccadic latencies do not depend on the cessation of fixation per se, but rather on the disengagement of attention from any location in the visual field. The time required for subjects to disengage their attention is approximately 100 ms. This disengaged state of attention — during which short latency (express) saccades can be made — can be sustained only for a gap duration of 300 ms. At longer gap durations mean SRTs increase again.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406613
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine Fluoreszenzmethode zur Untersuchung des Stoffübergangs bei der Gasabsorption im Rieselfilm (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 39 (1967), S. 297-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es wurde eine Fluoreszenzmethode entwickelt, mit deren Hilfe es gelingt, die Konzentrationsverteilung im Rieselfilm bei der Absorption eines basischen oder sauren Gases zu messen. Aus der Konzentrationsverteilung kann der effektive Diffusionskoeffizient in seiner räumlichen Verteilung ermittelt werden. Die Meßergebnisse bestätigen das verallgemeinerte Diffusionsmodell für den Mechanismus der Absorption.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330390517
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der gasseitige Stoffübergangskoeffizient am RieselfilmVortrag des erstgenannten Verfassers auf dem Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure, 30. September bis 2. Oktober 1969 in Bayreuth. (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 42 (1970), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es werden Meßergebnisse für die Absorption von Ammoniak in einem sauren Rieselfilm bei Gleich- und Gegenstrom mitgeteilt. Neben den Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten beider Phasen wurden die Rohrlänge und die Feuchtigkeit des einströmenden Gasgemisches verändert. Die Werte für den örtlichen und den über die Rohrlänge gemittelten Stoffübergangskoeffizienten werden als Sherwood-Zahlen mit allen Variablen korreliert.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330420605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Messung der Oberflächengeschwindigkeit von RieselfilmenVorgetragen von erstgenannten Autor auf dem Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure, 13. bis 15. Oktober 1970 in München. (1971)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 43 (1971), S. 324-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mit geeigeten pH-Indikatoren können fluoreszierende Markierungen auf Rieselfilmen erzeugt werden, die sich mit der Geschwindigkeit der Oberfläche bewegen. Die Auswertung von Filmaufnahmen mit einer Frequenz von 1000 Bildern/s ergab eine breite Verteilung der Oberflächen- und der Schwallfrontgeschwindigkeiten am Rieselfilm. Die Geschwindigkeit einer Frontwelle eines anlaufenden Rieselfilmes entspricht seiner zeitlich gemittelten Oberflächengeschwindigkeit. Die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung kann als Potenzfunktion dargestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse sind ein Beitrag zur Kinematik der Rieselfilmströmung, für die im Zusammenhang mit den Transportvorgängen beim Stoffübergang praktisches Interesse besteht.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330430603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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