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  • Engineering General  (3)
  • Eucalyptus citriodora  (1)
  • Key words: Colorectal cancer — Laparoscopic surgery — Port-site metastasis — Prevention  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 1034 -1036 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Colorectal cancer — Laparoscopic surgery — Port-site metastasis — Prevention
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Various reports concerning port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer have created a new concern regarding the use of this technique for the treatment of this malignancy. The real incidence is not yet known; neither are its prognostic implications. Numerous experimental studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have been published since 1994. These studies have analyzed the possible role of pneumoperitoneum and carbon dioxide (CO2) and pathophysiology, as well as the influence of minimally invasive techniques on tumor response and immunity. There are no definitive results yet, but there is enough evidence to presume that the etiology of this new complication might derive from surgical technique. We present our 8-year experience with laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. We also review our technique for preventing port-site implants. At this writing, we have had no port metastasis in our series of 320 colorectal cancer cases with a mean follow-up period of 54 months. The steps we follow as a routine in all cases of laparoscopic colorectal cancer are (a) fixation of trocars to the abdominal wall, (b) avoidance of touching the tumor, (c) high vascular ligation, (d) intraoperative colonoscopy and intraluminal irrigation with 5% iodine povidone, (e) specimen isolation before extraction from the abdominal cavity, and (f) intraperitoneal and trocar-site irrigation with a tumoricide solution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Schlagwort(e): Eucalyptus citriodora ; Panicum maximum ; cost reduction ; forage ; cattle and sheep grazing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract This study analyses the effects of cattle and sheep grazing in newly established eucalypt plantations. The research was carried out using six separate treatment plots each having a different combination and number of animals. The results indicate that the silvopastoral approach can help control grass competition and reduce stand establishment costs. The eucalypt survival and growth was not affected by the animal grazing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 33 (1992), S. 845-853 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: In conventional finite element formulations the concept of node - a point where one of the shape functions is unitary and all others are nil - is used to advantage as it simplifies the definition of interelement continuity conditions.This constraint on the definition of the shape functions hinders the formulation of elements with complex shapes and, in particular, of equilibrium elements.In the approach presented herein linearly independent functions are defined within each element irrespectively of the location of the nodes. Interelement continuity conditions are imposed ‘a posteriori’, as in hybrid elements.The derivation of the element matrices is based upon the equations expressing equilibrium, compatibility and the constitutive relations without explicitly using variational principles.This results in a wider choice of available funciiuns ami in an easier way to formulate equilibrium elements and/or to use conforming or non-conforming elements.As the approach used is independent of the choice of basic functions and of the shape of the elements, it is perfectly general. It allows the parallel analysis of kinematically and statically admissible formulations, as proposed by Fraeijs de Veubeke.1As the interelement continuity conditions are imposed ‘a posteriori’ new variables are used to express this condition.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 3175-3194 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): equilibrium elements ; spurious kinematic modes ; macro-elements ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This paper illustrates a method whereby a family of robust equilibrium elements can be formulated in a general manner. The effects of spurious kinematic modes, present to some extent in all primitive equilibrium elements, are eliminated by judicious assembly into macro-equilibrium elements. These macroelements are formulated with sufficient generality so as to retain the polynomial degree of the stress field as a variable. Such a family of macro-elements is a new development, and results for polynomials of degree greater than two have not been seen before. The quality of results for macro-equilibrium elements with varying degrees of polynomial is demonstrated by numerical examples.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 2789-2802 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): finite elements ; three-dimensional elasticity ; equilibrium formulations ; hybrid finite elements ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: In this paper an approach to the formulation of equilibrium elements for the analysis of three-dimensional elasticity problems is presented.This formulation is an extension of the approach previously proposed for the analysis of two-dimensional elasticity problems. The general aspects of the formulation remain unchanged when applied to the new problem, but new points are considered, namely the way to perform volume integrations for general elements and the techniques used to obtain the self-equilibrated three-dimensional stress approximation functions.The numerical behaviour of such elements is presented and discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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