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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Elderly; pharmacokinetics  (1)
  • Key words: Information systems architecture  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of aging on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prazosin (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Prazosin ; Elderly; pharmacokinetics ; age-related ; pharmacodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: The effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prazosin (α1 adrenoceptor blocker) was studied in 20 healthy volunteers. Patients: Ten elderly (61–81 y) and ten young (23–28 y) subjects were studied. All subjects received 1 mg of prazosin orally in a fasting state. Serial blood samples were collected for calculation of oral pharmacokinetics, and blood pressure and pulse rate were measured during blood collection. Subjects remained supine and fasting for the first three hours post drug administration, after which they were allowed to ambulate and eat. Results: The oral pharmacokinetics of prazosin were not different in the two age groups. The serum t1/2 in the elderly was 210 min while in the young group was 139 min. The AUC0−∞ in the two groups was not different. The Cmax was identical in the two groups, and the time to Cmax was 84 min in the elderly and 114 min in the young subjects. Protein binding was 93.4% in the elderly and 93.5% in the young subjects and the serum α1 acid glycoprotein concentration was not different in the two groups of subjects. Even though the pharmacokinetics of prazosin were unchanged by age, the haemodynamic effects of the drug were greater in the elderly. The fall in systolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure was significantly greater in the elderly group at multiple time points after drug administration while the change in diastolic blood pressure was equivalent in the two age groups. Despite a greater decrease in mean blood pressure in the elderly, the compensatory increase in heart rate was similar in the two age groups suggesting a difference in the baroreceptor reflex in the two age groups. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that age does not alter the pharmacokinetics of oral prazosin, but the pharmacodynamic response at equivalent plasma prazosin concentration is greater in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050067
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experiences with applying a genetic algorithm to determine an information systems architecture (1997)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 19 (1997), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Key words: Information systems architecture ; business systems planning ; cluster analysis ; genetic algorithms ; Schlüsselwörter: Architektur von Informationssystemen ; Business Systems Planning ; Cluster-Analyse ; Genetische Algorithmen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Zur Entwicklung von Architekturen von Informationssystemen (ISA) wird vielfach das Business-Systems-Planning-(BSP)-Konzept vorgeschlagen. Ein Teilproblem dieses Planungskonzepts besteht darin, unter Berücksichtigung von Optimalitätskriterien Unternehmensprozesse und Datenbestände zu möglichst voneinander unabhängigen Teilsystemen zusammenzufassen. Da die Leistungsgrenzen von exakten Optimierungsverfahren für dieses Problem rasch erreicht werden, interessiert der Einsatz von heuristischen Verfahren. Zunächst werden das BSP-Problem und die Vorgehensweise genetischer Algorithmen kurz erläutert. Danach wird die Anwendung eines einfachen genetischen Algorithmus auf das BSP-Problem beschrieben. Ein Vergleich mit Ergebnissen exakter Verfahren bildet einen weiteren wichtigen Bestandteil der Untersuchung.
    Notes: Abstract. While determining information systems architectures (ISA), business systems planning (BSP) is a well-known method to join processes and data classes to subsystems. BSP matrices have generally been rearranged without describing the underlying methods. Meanwhile, various techniques have been developed for solving the ISA problem. Since exact optimization methods often fail to provide results for large ISA problems, different heuristics have been applied. A new heuristic for solving the ISA problem is the application of genetic algorithms (GA). This paper examines the application of a simple GA to the ISA problem and compares the results of applying the GA with those obtained by exact methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01539808
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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