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  • Blood supply  (1)
  • Key words Pigment pattern  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Pigment pattern ; Fin ; Fish skeleton ; Tyrosinase ; Zebrafish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Mutations causing a visible phenotype in the adult serve as valuable visible genetic markers in multicellular genetic model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and Arabidopsis thaliana. In a large scale screen for mutations affecting early development of the zebrafish, we identified a number of mutations that are homozygous viable or semiviable. Here we describe viable mutations which produce visible phenotypes in the adult fish. These predominantly affect the fins and pigmentation, but also the eyes and body length of the adult. A number of dominant mutations caused visible phenotypes in the adult fish. Mutations in three genes, long fin, another long fin and wanda affected fin formation in the adult. Four mutations were found to cause a dominant reduction of the overall body length in the adult. The adult pigment pattern was found to be changed by dominant mutations in wanda, asterix, obelix, leopard, salz and pfeffer. Among the recessive mutations producing visible phenotypes in the homozygous adult, a group of mutations that failed to produce melanin was assayed for tyrosinase activity. Mutations in sandy produced embryos that failed to express tyrosinase activity. These are potentially useful for using tyrosinase as a marker for the generation of transgenic lines of zebrafish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 18 (1996), S. 257-261 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Trapezius muscle ; Blood supply ; Lower trapezius flap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des différences significatives existent dans la description de la vascularisation de la partie inférieure du m. trapèze (“trapèze inférieur“), notamment du fait que ces descriptions ont été basées sur un très petit nombre de cas. Notre travail est basé sur l'étude de 70 sujets. Un rameau trapézien naissant de l'a. scapulaire dorsale a été retrouvé de façon constante. L'origine de l'a. scapulaire dorsale est toutefois variable : dans 45 % des cas, il s'agit d'une branche directe provenant soit de l'a. subclavière, soit du tronc costo-cervical. Dans les 55 % des cas restants, l'a. scapulaire dorsale constitue différents troncs avec l'a. cervicale superficielle et/ou l'a. suprascapulaire, l'a. subclavière, le tronc thyro-cervical, ou de l'a. thoracique interne. Des aa. perforantes musculo-cutanées participent également à la vascularisation du “trapèze inférieur” et de la peau sus-jacente. En conséquence, la partie inférieure du m. trapèze a une vascularisation de type V de Mathes et Nahai. Ainsi, le lambeau musculo-cutané du trapèze inférieur mérite une place de choix dans les reconstructions cervico-céphaliques.
    Notes: Summary Differences in the description of the blood supply of the lower trapezius m. and the fact that all former findings are based on very few cases caused us to reinvestigate the arterial supply of the lower trapezius m. Based on the anatomic investigation of 70 human cadavers, the trapezial branch of the dorsal scapular a. was found to be the constant vessel to the lower trapezius m. The origin of the dorsal scapular a., however, was found to be very variable. In 45% it was a direct branch of either the subclavian a. or the costocervical trunk. In the remaining 55% the dorsal scapular a. formed different trunks with the superficial cervical a. and/or supras-capular a. branching off either the subclavian a., the thyrocervical trunk, or the internal thoracic a. Additional segmental musculocutaneous perforators also supply the lower part of the trapezius m. and the overlying skin. Consequently, the lower or ascending part of the trapezius m. has a vascular pattern type V. Thus, the lower trapezius musculocutaneous flap merits consideration in head and neck reconstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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