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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 28 (2000), S. 78-84 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key words Tick-borne encephalitis ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Antibody index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Infection with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can result in various neurological complications. At present, there are little data available on laboratory findings that might help predict the clinical course and prognosis of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). In the present study 100 patients with TBE were examined in respect to various laboratory parameters potentially characteristic for the disease and indicative for the prognosis in TBE. Pleocytosis, impairment of the blood-CSF barrier and intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins (IgM 〉 IgG, IgA) were common findings in most patients. On admission to the hospital, 84% of the patients presented with an intrathecal synthesis of TBEV-specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies in the CSF. At follow-up, intrathecal synthesis of TBEV-specific antibodies was demonstrated in all patients studied within 15 days after the first examination, but changes of CSF parameters did not correlate with the clinical course of disease. In contrast to those with moderate courses of disease, patients with severe courses of TBE displayed higher cell counts in the CSF and lower concentrations of neutralizing antibodies in serum, and more frequently revealed an intrathecal synthesis of total IgG. TBE-specific oligoclonal IgG antibodies in the CSF were demonstrated only in three patients with prior, incomplete, vaccination against TBE. The severe course of disease in individual patients with TBE may result from a slow or low production of neutralizing antibodies. In these patients, the more intense damage of the CNS tissue is reflected by higher cell counts in the CSF. At onset of disease the presence of a low concentration of neutralizing antibodies in serum and a high cell count in the CSF might indicate an unfavorable course of TBE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 324-330 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter FSME ; Klinische Prognose ; Neuropsychologische Testung ; Key words Tick-borne encephalitis ; Clinical outcome ; Neuropsychological testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Sixty-three patients with tick-borne encephalitis were studied for sequelae up to 5 years after the acute illness (median: 12 months, range: 1–44 months). Patients were examined clinically, by neuropsychological testing and by electroencephalography. The clinical presentation during the acute stage was as follows: Meningitis (M, n=12), Meningoencephalitis (Me, n=27), Meningoencephalomyelitis (My, n=15), and Meningoencephaloradiculitis (R, n=9). A total of 59 patients reported a neurasthenic syndrome after discharge, which correlated with the severity of the acute illness. Twenty patients were not able to work because of reduced stress tolerance, fatigue or an elevated emotional sensitivity, which lasted for 3 months at most. In some patients hypacusis (n=7), severe dysarthria and dysphagia (n=4) remained essentially unimproved for years following the acute illness. While in 8/9 patients with radiculitis paresis of the extremities improved well over months to years, improvement was quite limited in all patients with myelitis. In 41/55 patients, investigations by electroencephalography revealed normal findings even within months after acute illness. Persistent cognitive deficits were present only in 7/11 patients with a severe course of disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Frage möglicher Folgeschäden wurden 63 Patienten, die zwischen 1990 und 1995 an einer FSME erkrankt waren, klinisch, neuropsychologisch und elektroenzephalographisch nachuntersucht (Intervall zur akuten Erkrankung: Median: 12 Monate, Spanne: 1–44 Monate). Während der akuten Erkrankungsphase lagen folgende klinische Syndrome vor: Meningitis (M, n=12), Meningoenzephalitis (Me, n=27), Meningoenzephalomyelitis (My, n=15) und Meningoenzephaloradikulitis (R, n=9). Anamnestisch bestand bei 59 Patienten nach der Entfieberung ein neurasthenisches Syndrom, welches in Ausprägung und Dauer eine Korrelation zur Schwere der akuten Erkrankung zeigte. 20 Patienten waren nach der Entlassung aus der Klinik allein aufgrund einer erheblichen subjektiven Leistungsminderung, einer vermehrten Erschöpfbarkeit und einer erhöhten emotionalen Labilität bis zu 3 Monate arbeitsunfähig. Bei der Nachuntersuchung fanden sich bei 34 Patienten (M: 1, Me: 9, My: 15, R: 9) pathologische Befunde im neurologischen Status. Persistierende Störungen der Hirnnerven äußerten sich als Hypakusis (n=7), Dysphagie und Dysarthrie (n=4). Während die Extremitätenparesen bei 8/9 Patienten mit einer Radikulitis innerhalb von wenigen Monaten bis Jahren eine fast vollständige Rückbildung zeigten, war die Besserungstendenz der Para- und Tetraparesen bei der Myelitis auch nach bis zu 3 Jahren deutlich geringer. Elektroenzephalographisch war bei 41/55 nachuntersuchten Patienten bereits nach wenigen Monaten ein Normalbefund zu erheben. Überdauernde, objektivierbare kognitive Defizite bestanden nur bei 7/11 Patienten mit schwerer Verlaufsform einer FSME.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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