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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1998), S. 385-394 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Internal carotid a. ; Agenesis ; Carotid canal ; Rete mirabile ; Anastomoses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report six cases of segmental agenesis of the internal carotid a. discovered in adult patients: one case of cervical segmental agenesis (no. 1), one case of cervical and petrosal segmental agenesis (no. 2), two cases of vertical cavernous segmental agenesis (nos. 3 and 4) and two cases of distal segmental agenesis, one unilateral (no. 5) and the other bilateral (no. 6). The collateral pathways observed were: the ascending pharyngeal a. which constitutes an “intratympanic course” of the internal carotid a. (no. 1), an intercarotid anastomosis (no. 2), an arterial network at the base of the skull, the so-called “rete mirabile” (nos. 3 and 4) and the posterior communicating a. (nos. 5 and 6). Recognition of these rare dysgeneses relies upon the following radio-anatomic characteristics: reduced caliber of the a., inconsistent sparing of the carotid body, reduced diameter or even absence of the carotid canal and above all, the presence of collateral pathways. The collateral pathways allow an understanding of the segmental nature of carotid a. development and a distinction between congenital and acquired stenoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1997), S. 385-394 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Internal carotid a. ; Agenesis ; Carotid canal ; Rete mirabile ; Anastomoses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Six observations d'agénésies segmentaires de l'artère carotide interne, découvertes chez l'adulte, sont rapportées : un cas d'agénésie du segment cervical (no 1), un cas d'agénésie des segments cervical et pétreux (no 2), deux cas d'agénésie du segment caverneux vertical (no 3 et 4) et deux cas d'agénésie distale de l'artère, unilatérale (no 5) et bilatérale (no 6). Les voies de suppléance observées sont : l'artère pharyngienne ascendante réalisant un “trajet intratympanique” de l'artère carotide interne (no 1), une anastomose intercarotidienne (no 2), un réseau artériel de la base du crâne, dit “réseau admirable” (no 3 et 4) et l'artère communicante postérieure (no 5 et 6). La reconnaissance de ces rares dysgénésies repose sur les caractéristiques radio-anatomiques suivantes : réduction de calibre de l'artère, respect inconstant de sa portion bulbaire, réduction des dimensions voire absence du canal carotidien et surtout voies anastomotiques utilisées. Les anastomoses observées permettent en effet de comprendre le caractère segmentaire du développement de l'artère et de distinguer les sténoses congénitales et les sténoses acquises.
    Notes: Summary We report six cases of segmental agenesis of the internal carotid a. discovered in adult patients: one case of cervical segmental agenesis (no. 1), one case of cervical and petrosal segmental agenesis (no. 2), two cases of vertical cavernous segmental agenesis (nos. 3 and 4) and two cases of distal segmental agenesis, one unilateral (no. 5) and the other bilateral (no. 6). The collateral pathways observed were: the ascending pharyngeal a. which constitutes an “intratympanic course” of the internal carotid a. (no. 1), an intercarotid anastomosis (no. 2), an arterial network at the base of the skull, the so-called “rete mirabile” (nos. 3 and 4) and the posterior communicating a. (nos. 5 and 6). Recognition of these rare dysgeneses relies upon the following radio-anatomic characteristics: reduced caliber of the a., inconsistent sparing of the carotid body, reduced diameter or even absence of the carotid canal and above all, the presence of collateral pathways. The collateral pathways allow an understanding of the segmental nature of carotid a. development and a distinction between congenital and acquired stenoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 79 (1990), S. 393-399 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Prefrontal cortex ; Nucleus tractus solitarius ; Cardiovascular ; Hypotension ; Lidocaine block ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in rats produces transient hypotension. It has been suggested that this stimulus-produced hypotension (SPH) may be mediated by direct PFC projections to either the posterolateral hypothalamus or the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). To initially test these hypotheses, microinjections (0.5 μl) of 4% lidocaine were made into various brainstem sites, including the posterolateral hypothalamus, the PFC-NTS pathway and the NTS itself. Most injections made into the posterolateral hypothalamus, rostral portion of the PFC-NTS pathway or NTS were successful in blocking prefrontal SPH. In comparison, the majority of injections made into numerous other brainstem sites including the caudal portion of the PFC-NTS pathway did not block prefrontal SPH. These findings support the concept that prefrontal SPH maybe mediated via both the posterolateral hypothalamus and NTS. However, these findings do not support the hypothesis that prefrontal SPH is mediated by direct projections from the PFC to the NTS. To eliminate the possibility that the effects of the lidocaine injections made into the hypothalamus were due to the incapacitation of fibers alone, a series of experiments was conducted in which microinjections (0.5 μl) of ibotenic acid, a neurotoxin that destroys perikarya but spares axons, were made into the posterolateral hypothalamus. Each of these injections resulted in the blockade of prefrontal SPH. These findings further support the role of hypothalamic involvement in prefrontal SPH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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