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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (27)
  • General Chemistry  (12)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological and cytochemical investigations of development from dormant gemmules of the marine sponge, Haliclona loosanoffi (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 99-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Vernalized gemmules of the marine sponge Haliclona loosanoffi were cultured at 20°C, fixed at 24-hour intervals (0-11 days), and processed for light microscopy by using a variety of absorption and fluorescent staining methods. The cytochemistry and morphology of development were compared to the well-studied developmental patterns of freshwater sponges and to the patterns described in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula. The precocious development of H. loosanoffi gemmules involves early morphogenesis occurring within the unhatched gemmule, as opposed to the patterns in freshwater sponges, where most development occurs after the gemmule hatches. Definitive sponge tissue surrounding a single osculum is present 9 days after release from dormancy.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930110
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The involvement of nurse cells in oogenesis and embryonic development in the marine sponge, Haliclona ecbasisThis paper is based on a dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of Stanford University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, November, 1967. This work was supported in part by USPHS Predoctoral Fellowship 1 F1 GM-19,267-1. (1969)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 127 (1969), S. 133-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Oogenesis and embryonic development in the marine sponge, Haliclona ecbasis, were studied using standard histological procedures.When the oocytes reach a diameter of about 30 μ, nurse cells begin to aggregate around them. Then when the oocytes are about 36 μ in diameter, they begin to engulf the associated nurse cells. Whole nurse cells are engulfed; and although the nucleus of the nurse cells disappears either as or soon after the cells are engulfed, the cytoplasm remains essentially unchanged. The accumulation of these cells within the oocytes most of the cytoplasm is nurse cell cytoplasm.During cleavage of the egg, the engulfed nurse cells are gradually fragmented, but otherwise appear unchanged. At the same time the cytoplasm of the nurse cells is progressively incorporated into that of the blastomeres by what appears to be fusion process. When the latter process is complete, the embryo develops into a typical parenchymula larva.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051270202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The building of protein structures form α-carbon coordinates (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 7 (1990), S. 366-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: computer modeling ; protein ; structure ; α-carbons ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A procedure for the construction of complete protein structures from only αcarbon coordinates is described. This involves building the backbone by sequential addition of Pro, Gly, or Ala residues. This main chain structure is then refined using molecular dynamics. Side chains are constructed by sequential addition of atoms with intermediate molecular dynamics refinement. For α lytic protease (a structure that is mostly β sheet) a backbone root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 0.19 Å and an overall RMSD of 1.24 Å from the crystallographic coordinates are attained. For troponin C (67% β-helix), where the coordinates are available only for the α-carbons, a backbone RMSD of 0.41 Å and an overall RMSD of 1.68 Å are attained (fits kindly provided by Dr. Michael James and Natalie Strynadka). For flavodoxin a backbone RMSD of 0.49 Å and an overall RMSD of 1.64 Å were attained.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340070408
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple two-dimensional representation for the common secondary structural elements of polypeptides and proteins (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 27 (1997), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: peptide conformation ; ramachandran plot ; PDB search ; peptide dynamics ; BPTI ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple method is presented for projecting the conformation of extended secondary structure elements of peptides and proteins that extend over four Cαatoms onto a simple two-dimensional surface. A new set of two degrees of freedom is defined, a pseudo-dihedral involving four sequential Cαatoms, as well as the triple scalar product for the vectors describing the orientation of the three intervening peptide groups. The method provides a reduction in dimensionality, from the usual combination of multiple φ,ψ pairs to a single pair, yielding valuable information concerning the structure and dynamics of these important elements. The new two-dimensional surface is explored by reference to 63 selected protein crystal structures together with a comparison of model built peptides representing the common secondary structural elements. Dynamical aspects on this new surface are examined using a molecular dynamics trajectory of Basic Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivation of attenuated hepatitis A virus antigen in a titanium static mixer reactor (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 1315-1324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: static mixer ; MRC-5 ; anchorage dependent ; hepatitis A ; animal cell culture ; bioreactor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The titanium static mixer reactor, demonstrated for a variety of vaccine processes during the late 197s, was investigated for the production of attenuated hepatitis A virus antigen from anchorage-dependent MRC-5 cells. This reactor system used Charles River Biotechnological Services cabinets for monitoring and process control. Cell inoculation protocols, using 6000-10,000 cells/cm2, resulted on over 95% attachment at both the laboratory and pilot scales. Indirect monitoring techniques using oxygen, glucose, L-serine, and L-glutamine uptake rates were indicative of cell growth prior to virus inoculation as well as environmental and/or nutrient limitations. Seven laboratory-scale (3900 cm2) runs and one pilotscale (265,000 cm2) run were conducted to investigate refeeding regiments, parallel versus perpendicular element orientation, increased element surface area per unit volume, and scale-up performance. In general, lysate antigen yields achieved were similar to those of parallel T-flasks cultivated under similar conditions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260441107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of a pyrogen-free human growth hormone antagonist (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 520-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: human growth hormone ; animal cell culture ; purification ; serum ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Human growth hormone (hGH) is a polypeptide with 191 amino acids and a molecular mass of 22 kilodaltons. With the aid of computer molecular simulation, an hGH analog was created by altering an hGH gene to reflect the change of one amino acid (glycine [G] 120 to arginine [R]) within the third α-helix of the hGH molecule. This hGH analog, named hGHG120R, was found to be an hGH antagonist. It may have important implications in treating human conditions in which hGH levels are abnormally high, as found in type I diabetics. Several hundred milligrams of purified hGHG120R were needed to determine the biological activity of the antagonist in animal models. A multistep downstream process was developed to purify hGHG120R from cultured mouse L cells transfected with the hGHG120R gene. The process consisted of cell clarification, salt precipitation, membrane ultrafiltration, reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, phase separation, and lyophiliation. This work discusses the rationale for the design of the process and experimental results on the purification of hGHG120R using the process. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260480515
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and Structural Studies of Copper-Lanthanoid Complexes; the Synthesis and Structures of New Cu3Ln Complexes of 6-chloro-2-Pyridone (Ln = Gd, Dy and Er) and Magnetic Studies on Cu2Gd2, Cu4Gd2 and Cu3Gd Complexes (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 1 (1995), S. 614-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: copper compounds ; exchange coupling ; heterometallic compounds ; lanthanide compounds ; magnetic properties ; structure elucidation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and structural characterisation of three copper-lanthanoid complexes are reported. The compounds, of general formula [Cu3M(chp)8(NO3)(S)] [M = Gd, S = H2O in 2; M = Dy, S = H2O in 3; M = Er, S = (H2O)0.5(MeOH)0.5 in 4; chp = anion of 6-chloro-2-pyridone], are made by reaction of [Cu2(chp)4] (1) with the hydrated lanthanoid nitrate salt in methanol. Structural studies reveal the three copper atoms lie in an approximate hemisphere about a central lanthanoid atom. Magnetic studies on 2 and two further Cu-Gd complexes show ferromagnetic coupling between the 3d and 4f metals. Consideration of these results along with magnetic data previously reported for Cu-Gd compounds leads to a correlation between the magnitude of this exchange coupling and the exponential of the Cu…Gd distance. This is the first magneto-structural correlation reported for mixed d-block/f-block metal complexes.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19950010908
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of the competence gene KC in vascular endothelial cells is mediated through protein kinase C (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 140 (1989), S. 44-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The KC gene is a cell cycle-dependent competence gene originally identified in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated BALB/c-3T3 cells. This gene is also induced in murine peritoneal macrophages in response to activation stimuli. We have examined the expression of the KC gene in cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells following treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a first step in defining the early molecular events involved in endothelial cell stimulation by physiologically relevant modulators. LPS markedly elevated the steady-state level of KC mRNA in confluent endothelial cells; maximum induction of KC occurred in the cells following exposure to 10 ng/ml LPS for 2 h. LPS did not increase the growth fraction of the cells, nor was the KC mRNA level changed in dense endothelial cells stimulated to enter the cell cycle with epidermal growth factor. However, KC mRNA expression was elevated by addition of serum to starved, subconfluent endothelial cell cultures. Treatment of endothelial cells with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) also induced KC gene expression. A maximum response was obtained with 10 nM PMA, the effect decreasing with higher levels of the phorbol ester. The calcium ionophore A23187 exhibited little stimulatory activity alone; however, the ionophore did cause a doubling in the PMA-stimulated KC expression. The increased expression of KC induced by LPS and PMA was inhibited by the presence of 1-(5-isoquinoline-sulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7), a protein kinase C inhibitor, but not by HA1004 (an H7 analogue with little protein kinase C inhibitory activity). No cytotoxicity was observed in inhibitor or LPS-treated endothelial cell cultures. These results demonstrate that KC gene expression is stimulated by LPS in vascular endothelial cells in a proliferation-independent process. Second, unlike LPS-induced KC expression in macrophages and platelet-derived growth factor-induced KC expression in 3T3 cells, LPS induction of KC in endothelial cells appears to require activation of protein kinase C.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041400106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sympathetic fibers in forelimb nerves of the cat (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 142 (1962), S. 531-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091420410
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo occupancy of histone gene proximal promoter elements reflects gene copy number-dependent titratable transactivation factors and cross-species compatibility of regulatory sequences (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 57 (1995), S. 191-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: histone gene transcription ; chromosome ; H4 gene ; C127 cell ; titratable transcription factors ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: To assess systematically the structural and functional aspects of histone gene transcription within a chromosomal context, we stably integrated an extensive set of human histone H4 gene constructs into mouse C127 cells. Levels of expression were determined by S1 nuclease protection assays for multiple mouse monoclonal cell lines containing these human H4 genes. For each cell line, we quantitated the number of integrated human H4 genes by Southern blot analysis. The results indicate that the expression of the human H4 gene is in part copy number dependent at low gene dosages. However, the level of expression varies among different cell lines containing similar numbers of copies of the same H4 gene construct. This result suggests that position-dependent chromosomal integration effects contribute to H4 gene transcription, consistent with the roles of long-range gene organization and nuclear architecture in gene regulation. At high copy number, the level of human H4 gene expression per copy decreased, and endogenous mouse H4 mRNA levels were also reduced. Furthermore, in vivo occupancy at the human H4 gene immediate 5′ regulatory elements, as defined by genomic fingerprinting, showed copy number-dependent protein/DNA interactions. Hence, human and mouse H4 genes compete for titratable transcription factors in a cellular environment. Taken together, these results indicate cross-species compatibility and suggest limited representation in vivo of the factors involved in regulating histone H4 gene transcription.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240570204
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