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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • Manduca sexta  (2)
  • learning  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relative insensitivity of Manduca sexta larvae to non-host plant secondary compounds (1990)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 54 (1990), S. 117-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Antifeedant ; Manduca sexta ; host plant choice ; preference feeding behavior
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Nous avons examiné au moyen des expériences de choix, les effects dissuasifs des composés secondaires de plantes non-hôtes des chenilles de M. sexta Johan. Des disques de fibres de verre ou des rondelles de feuilles de tabac ont été traités chimiquement, aux concentrations à peu près naturelles. Sur les 30 substances examinées sur les disques de fibres de verre, 6 ont été répulsives pour des chenilles élvées sur aliment artificiel. Quand l'examen est effectué avec des rondelles de feuilles de tabac, seul un produit est encore répulsif. Aucun effet répulsif n'est observé quand des chenilles élevées sur tabac sont mises en présence de substances associées à des rondelles de feuille de tabac. Ces résultats suggèrent que le maintien d'un spectre d'hôtes limité chez les chenilles de M. sexta ne repose pas sur l'évitement des plantes non-hôtes par suite de leurs substantes dissuasives, mais sur l'attraction et la stimulation provoquées par les hôtes.
    Notizen: Abstract We tested the deterrent effects of non-host plant secondary compounds on Manduca sexta Johan. larvae, in choice tests. Treatment chemicals were applied, at approximately natural concentrations to either glass fiber or tobacco leaf disks. Of 30 compounds tested on glass fiber disks, with artificial diet reared larvae, 6 were deterrent. When the 6 deterrent chemicals were tested on tobacco leaf disks only one was still deterrent. No deterrent effects were observed when tobacco reared larvae were tested with chemicals applied to tobacco leaf disks. The results suggest that maintenance of restricted host range in M. sexta larvae relies not on avoidance of non-hosts due to deterrence but on attraction and stimulation to feed on hosts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343520
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of ingestion of some non-host plant secondary compounds on larvae of Manduca sexta (1990)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 54 (1990), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Manduca sexta ; deterrence ; toxicity ; oligophagy ; plant secondary compound
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les effets qui suivent l'ingestion de 7 produits secondaires de plantes non-hôtes ont été examinés sur des chenilles de M. sexta. Ces substances avaient été choisies pour la diversité de leurs effets sur le comportement alimentaire lors d'expériences de courte durée: 4 avaient montré des effets dissuasifs variés, 3 n'en avaient pas présenté. On a enduit des feuilles fraiches de leur plante-hôte (Nicotania tabacum) des différentes substances à raison d'à peu près 1% du poids sec. Seule une substance a réduit les performances des chenilles. Ces résultats ont été discutés en fonction de l'absence de relation entre dissuation et toxicité dans l'évolution des défenses chez les plantes.
    Notizen: Abstract Seven non-host plant secondary compounds were tested for their post-ingestional effects on larvae of Manduca cesta Johan. The compounds were selected for their range of effects on feeding behavior in short-term tests: four showed different levels of deterrence while three were not deterrent. Insects were dosed by coating fresh leaves of their food plant (tobacco) with particular compounds at concentrations of 1% dry weight. Only one compound had detrimental effects on larval performance. The results are discussed in the context of the lack of correlation between deterrence and toxicity and the evolution of plant defenses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343521
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dietary mixing in grasshoppers: switching induced by nutritional imbalances in foods (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 61 (1991), S. 247-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Schistocerca ; dietary mixing ; compensatory feeding ; learning ; flavors
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Dietary mixing by nymphs of Schistocerca americana was studied in the laboratory using artificial diet cakes. Individuals were given either two different inadequate but complementary diet cakes or two adequate and identical ones. When unique flavors (coumarin or NHT) were added to the diet cakes, insects given the inadequate diet treatment switched between cakes more than insects exposed to the adequate diets. This was not the case when no identifying flavors were added.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187728
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dietary mixing in grasshoppers: Changes in acceptability of different plant secondary compounds associated with low levels of dietary protein (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 4 (1991), S. 545-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Schlagwort(e): Schistocerca ; grasshopper ; learning ; aversion ; novelty ; polyphagy ; dietary mixing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Schistocerca americanasixth-instar nymphs were examined for a change in diet acceptance, in which insects experiencing an unfavorable diet subsequently become predisposed to eat relatively less of that diet and more of diets with a novel flavor than they would had they previously fed on a more adequate diet. Insects were pretreated for 4 h on either low-protein (2 % wet wt) or higherprotein (4%) artificial diets flavored with a plant secondary compound (tomatine or rutin). They were then offered, in choice or no-choice tests, the lowprotein diet with the familiar or a novel (tomatine, rutin, or NHT) flavor. When tomatine was the familiar and rutin the novel flavor in a no-choice test, the insects previously fed low-protein diets took relatively long meals on the novel and relatively short meals on the familiar diets compared with the insects that had previously eaten higher-protein diets. A similar, but in this case considerably less pronounced and statistically nonsignificant, pattern existed in the reciprocal design experiment in which rutin was the familiar and tomatine the novel flavor. Similarly, insects fed low-protein diets flavored with rutin subsequently showed an increased relative preference for the novel flavor (NHT) in a choice test, compared with the high protein-pretreated insects. It is concluded that insects fed protein-deficient diets may subsequently show a preference for novel foods through different mechanisms, the importance of which may differ in different circumstances.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048069
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