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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Disease resistance ; Lettuce ; Downy mildew ; Molecular markers ; Genetic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The second largest cluster of resistance genes in lettuce contains at least two downy mildew resistance specificities, Dm5/8 and Dm10, as well as Tu, providing resistance against turnip mosaic virus, and plr, a recessive gene conferring resistance against Plasmopara lactucae-radicis, a root infecting downy mildew. In the present paper four additional genetic markers have been added to this cluster, three RAPD markers and one RFLP marker, CL1795. CL1795 is a member of a multigene family related to triose phosphate isomerase; other members of this family map to the other two major clusters of resistance genes in lettuce. Seven RAPD markers in the region were converted into sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs) and used in the further analysis of the region and the mapping of Dm10. Three different segregating populations were used to map the four resistance genes relative to molecular markers. There were no significant differences in gene order or rate of recombination between the three crosses. This cluster of resistance genes spans 6.4 cM, with Dm10 1.2 cM from Dm8. Marker analysis of 20 cultivars confirmed multiple origins for Dm5/8 specificity. Two different Lactuca serriola origins for the Du5/8 specificity had previously been described and originally designated as either Dm5 or Dm8. Some ancient cultivars also had the same specificity. Previously, due to lack of recombination in genetic analyses and the same resistance specificities, it was assumed that Dm5 and Dm8 were determined by the same gene. However, molecular marker analysis clearly identified genotypes characteristic of each source. Therefore, Dm5/8 specificity is either ancient and widespread in L. serriola and some L. sativa, or else has arisen on multiple occasions as alleles at the same locus or at linked loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 583-589 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Coat protein ; Disease resistance ; Molecular markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Presence of the dominant Tu gene in Lactuca sativa is sufficient to confer resistance to infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). In order to obtain an immunological assay for the presence of TuMV in inoculated plants, the TuMV coat protein (CP) gene was cloned by amplification of a cDNA corresponding to the viral genome using degenerate primers designed from conserved potyvirus CP sequences. The TuMV CP was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and polyclonal antibodies were produced. To locate Tu on the L. sativa genetic map, F3 families from a cross between cvs “Cobbham Green” (resistant to TuMV) and “Calmar” (susceptible) were genotyped for Tu. Families known to be recombinant in the region containing Tu were infected with TuMV and tested by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the anti-CP serum. This assay placed Tu between two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and 3.2 cM from Dm5/8 (which confers resistance to Bremia lactucae). Also, bulked segregant analysis was used to screen for additional RAPD markers tightly linked to the Tu locus. Five new markers linked to Tu were identified in this region, and their location on the genetic map was determined using informative recombinants in the region. Six markers were identified as being linked within 2.5 cM of Tu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 6 (1986), S. 197-218 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Bingham Fluids ; Forming Process ; Non-Newtonian Flows ; Finite Elements ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We model the forming process as a fluid flow. A finite element program, FIDAP, which analyses flow problems, was used to calculate velocity and strain rates at points throughout the material during the deformation process. This allows predictions to be made on the shape and quality of the resulting part. The stress-strain relation we used models the plastic flow of metals (Bingham fluids). The FEM approximation of such a fluid is tested by comparing results for a simple analytical example. In forming processes provision must be made for friction between dye and workpiece, and the program was modified accordingly. Two classical ring forming simulations are compared to published results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1035-1052 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Non-Newtonian Flows ; Viscoelasticity ; Maxwell Fluids ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A finite element method for the simulation of viscoelastic flows has been developed. It uses a weak formulation of the method of characteristics to treat the viscoelastic constitutive law. Numerical results in a 4:1 contraction are presented and are discussed with respect to previous computations. New phenomena are put in evidence and new questions are opened in this already controversial problem.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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