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Morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the retina of the toad Bufo marinus (1993)

Gábriel, R. ; Wilhelm, M. ; Straznicky, C.

Springer

Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 183-192

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ISSN: 1432-0878

Keywords: Retina ; Müller cells ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Immunocytochemistry ; Quantitative analysis ; Ultrastructure ; Bufo marinus (Anura)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that an antibody against neuron-specific enolase (NSE) selectively labels Müller cells (MCs) in the anuran retina (Wilhelm et al. 1992). In the present study the light- and electron-microscopic morphology of MCs and their distribution were described in the retina of the toad, Bufo marinus, using the above antibody. The somata of MCs were located in the proximal part of the inner nuclear layer and were interconnected with each other by their processes. The MCs were uniformly distributed across the retina with an average density of 1500 cells/mm2. Processes of MCs encircled the somata of photoreceptor cells isolating them from each other by glial sheath, except for those of the double cones. Some of the photoreceptor pedicles remained free of glial sheath. Electron-microscopic observations confirmed that MC processes provide an extensive scaffolding across the neural retina. At the outer border of the ganglion cell layer these processes formed a non-continuous sheath. The MC processes traversed through the ganglion cell layer and spread beneath it between the neuronal somata and the underlying optic axons. These processes formed a continuous inner limiting membrane separating the optic fibre layer from the vitreous tissue. Neither astrocytic nor oligodendrocytic elements were found in the optic fibre layer. The significance of the uniform MC distribution and the functional implications of the observed pattern of MC scaffolding are discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323585

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Application of the finite element method to the simulation of sheet forming processes: Comparison of calculations and experiments (1990)

Keck, P. ; Wilhelm, M. ; Lange, K.

Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 30 (1990), S. 1415-1430

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ISSN: 0029-5981

Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Mathematics , Technology

Notes: Elastic-plastic finite element calculations have been carried out to analyse sheet forming processes such as hydrostatic bulging of circular and rectangular blanks and the axisymmetric stretching of sheets (with different punch radii). The results, partly obtained by different finite element models, are compared with experimental data. It could be shown that, regarding the examples considered, experiments and calculations fit well and that a more sophisticated modelling of the contact boundary conditions improves the accuracy of the results. As a first attempt to handle more complex sheet forming operations, the deep drawing of a rectangular cup has been analysed. A summary of the theoretical background as well as some comments on the solution method and the implementation are given.

Additional Material: 15 Ill.