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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical analysis of Azospirillum lipopolysaccharides (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 146 (1987), S. 341-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Azospirillum lipoferum ; Azospirillum brasilense ; Lipopolysaccharides ; O-Methyl sugars ; Fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were extracted by hot phenol-water from five strains each of Azospirillum lipoferum and Azospirillum brasilense. Rhamnose, glucose, glucosamine and 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid were comon sugar constituents of all LPS preparations. 2-O-Mefucose, 3-O-Me-fucose, 3-O-Me-rhamnose and 2-O-Megalactose were found in LPSs of some A. brasilense strains. Fatty acid spectra from all LPSs studied were almost identical with predominance of 3-hydroxymyristic and 3-hydroxypalmitic acids. 3-Hydroxypalmitic acid was the only amide-linked fatty acid. Lipopolysaccharides isolated from A. brasilense showed higher heterogeneity in sugar composition than those from A. lipoferum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410933
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharides in four strains of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 127 (1980), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Synechocystis ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; O-Methyl sugars ; Chemotypes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were found in four strains of Synechocystis. Depending on the strain, they were extracted into either the water or into the phenol phase of phenol-water extracts. The lipopolysaccharides of all four strains contain fucose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucosamine. l-Glycero-d-mannoheptose and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate are lacking. The strain-specific sugars are dominated by O-methyl sugars in three of the four strains: Synechocystis PCC 6803 contains 2,3-di-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-fucose and 2-O-methylxylose. In Synechocystis PCC 6807 a 6-O-methylheptose and 2-O-methyl-mannose, in Synechocystis PCC 6308 2-O-methyl-mannose was identified. Lipid A, although difficult to be split off from the polysaccharide moiety, is indicated in all four strains by the presence of β-hydroxypalmitic and β-hydroxymyristic acids and of glucosamine. In addition, a branched β-hydroxypentadecanoic acid (anteiso) was found. The phosphorus content of the four lipopolysaccharides amounts to less than 0.3% of dry weight. The lipopolysaccharides from Synechocystis show O-specific activity. Their reactivity in homologous O-antisera, however, is low when tested by passive hemagglutination. In immunoelectrophoresis, no migration of lipopolysaccharide was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427196
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharides of Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii, Ectothiorhodospira mobilis, and Ectothiorhodospira halophila (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 157 (1992), S. 499-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cell wall ; Ecothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii ; Ectothiorhodospira mobilis ; Ectothiorhodospira halophila ; Halophilic bacteria ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; Lipid ADAG ; “Mixed” lipid A ; Phototrophic bacteria ; Phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from the moderate halophilic Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii slight to and Ectothiorhodospira mobilis and from the extremely halophilic Ectothiorhodospira halophila by the hot phenol-water and purified by the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether methods. The isolated lipopolysaccharides of all three species contained 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid and d-glycero-d-mannoheptose indicating the existence of a core. They contained additionally glucose and uronic acids (E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis) or glucose, uronic acids and threonine (E. halophila). Sodium deoxycholate gel-electrophoresis of the three lipopolysaccharides, each showing only one major band, indicated R-type character of the lipopolysaccharides of the three Ectothiorhodospira species. The lipid A fractions of the lipopolysaccharides from E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis represented phosphorylated “mixed” lipid A types with both 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose and d-glucosamine. The lipid A from E. halophila contained also phosphate and 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose but only traces of d-glucosamine, which would indicated lipid ADAG. The fatty acid spectra were characterized by amide-bound 3-OH-10:0 and 3-OH-12:0 (E. shaposhnikovii), 3-OH-10:0 (E. mobilis), or 3-OH-10:0,3-OH-14:0, and 3-oxo-14-0 (E. halophila). The predominant ester-bound fatty acids were 14:0 and 16:0 (E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis), or 12:0 and 14:1 (E. halophila).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276769
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharide of Rhodospirillum salinarum 40: structural studies on the core and lipid A region (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 280-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsRhodospirillum salinarum ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Mixed lipid A ; 2 ; 3-Diamino-2 ; 3-dideoxy-d-glucose ; 4-O-Methyl- ; galacturonic acid ; Halophilic bacteria ; Lethal toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The structural elucidation of lipid A of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Rhodospirillum salinarum 40 by chemical methods and laser desorption mass spectrometry revealed the presence of a mixed lipid A composed of three different 1,4′bisphosphorylated β(1→6)-linked backbone hexosaminyl-hexosamine disaccharides, i.e. those composed of GlcN→GlcN, 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-Glc-(DAG)→DAG, and DAG→GlcN. Lipid A of R. salinarum contained preferentially 3-OH-18 : 0 and 3-OH-14 : 0 as amide-linked and cisΔ11–18 : 1 and c19 : 0 as ester-linked fatty acids. The mass spectra of the liberated acyl-oxyacyl residues proved the concomitant presence of 3-O-(cisΔ11–18 : 1)–18 : 0 and 3-O-(c19 : 0)-14 : 0 as the predominating diesters in this mixed lipid A. The glycosidically linked and the ester-linked phosphate groups of the backbone disaccharide were neither substituted by ethanolamine, phosphorylethanolamine, nor by 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose, in contrast to most of the enterobacterial lipid As. In the core oligosaccharide fraction, a HexA (1→4)HexA(1→5)Kdo-trisaccharide was identified by methylation analysis. The terminal HexA (hexuronic acid) is possibly 4-OMe-GalA, a component described here as an LPS constituent for the first time. LPS of R. salinarum showed a lethality in C57BL/10 ScSN (LPS-responder)-mice) of an order of 10–1–10–2 of that reported for Salmonella abortus equi LPS, and it was also capable of inducing TNFα and IL6 in macrophages of C57BL/10ScSN mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050265
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