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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Threshold ; Olfaction ; Insect ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Responses of Trichoplusia ni HS(A) receptor neurons were measured to determine the minimum detectable concentration (absolute threshold) and the minimum detectable increment (difference threshold) for the major sex pheromone component (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol acetate (Z7-12∶Ac). The absolute threshold was 1000-fold below the ∼10-11 M level of Z7-12∶Ac at a calling female. The Weber fraction, i.e., the ratio of the difference threshold to the stimulus concentration, declined from ∼0.8 to ∼0.06 as the concentration rose from threshold to high intensities. Relatively smaller fluctuations were detected as the stimulus increased. 2. The HS(A) responses were interpreted in relation to behavior by considering an ideal observer as approximating the central nervous system (CNS). The ideal thresholds were 3–9-fold lower than the HS(A) thresholds. 3. The ideal absolute threshold of the T. ni CNS is comparable to observed behavioral thresholds for wingflutter and taking flight. However, only a low percentage response occurs at threshold. Most males take flight at higher concentrations. Also, the ideal Weber fraction is lower than in most flight-tunnel bioassays. Yet, males respond to small fluctuations in orienting to pheromone plumes. These differences between moths and ideal observers may reflect inhibition at points in the CNS that control the flow of olfactory input.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 186 (2000), S. 535-542 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Pheromone ; Arctiidae ; Trichoid sensilla ; Electrophysiology ; Olfaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We recorded the electrophysiological responses of individual olfactory receptor neurons in sensilla trichodea on the antennae of adult arctiid moths, Utetheisa ornatrix, to stimulation with volatiles associated with both sexes. All trichoid sensilla contain at least two receptor neurons, each with distinct action potential amplitudes and waveforms, that respond dichotomously to male and female odors. Although, neither female neuron responds to extracts of coremata or the male-produced pheromone hydroxydanaidal, they do respond in a gender-specific manner to the volatiles emanating from whole pupae, hemolymph, thoracic froth, and adult animals of several ages. Thoracic froth, which contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, is thought to play a role in defense. Froth from moths reared on diets, with or without added pyrrolizidine alkaloids, were equally effective in eliciting gender-specific patterns of response. Male trichoid receptor neurons respond to these same materials with similar patterns of activation. These receptor neurons provide information about substances, which we have termed “gender odors,” that are persistently emitted by nearby animals. These substances do not appear to be the same as those already known to be involved in defense or the sexual dialog between individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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