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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 15 (1999), S. 13-22 
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: precursor chemistry ; lead zirconate titanate ; hydrolysis ; PCS ; SAXS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Sol-gel processing has been widely used for the fabrication of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films. To successfully and consistently make high quality thin films for different applications, we must develop a fundamental understanding of the structures of the sols. In this study, the characters of lead titanate (PT) and lead zirconate (PZ)sols were studied by measuring the rheological properties and particle sizes in them and comparing their behaviours. The average particle sizes in unhydrolysed PT, PZ and PZT sols are 11.5, 1.0, and 6.0 nm, respectively. PT sol has the highest rate of hydrolysis. It gels at about 24 h after hydrolysis. PZ and PZT sols have a quite similar feature in hydrolysis. The reasons for the differences in the hydrolysis behaviour of the different types of sol are discussed in terms of a model which indicates that the inhomogeneous sols consist of 5 to 6 nm PT particles surrounded by much smaller PZ particles, which tend to dominate the sol behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 11 (1998), S. 141-152 
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: precursor chemistry ; lead zirconate titanate ; hydrolysis ; PCS ; SAXS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The formation and growth of polymeric particles during the hydrolysis and condensation of PbZr0.3Ti0.7 O3 (PZT 30/70) sol-gel precursor solutions have been investigated by using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and by measuring their rheological properties. The measurements showed that the growth of the particles in the transition of PZT sol to gel followed a simple polymerisation process. Solution A (containing ‘by-products’) and Solution B (‘by-products’ removed) displayed a similar plot of logarithmic viscosity against logarithmic time, indicating that the particles in both solutions have similar structures after hydrolysis. The changes in viscosity and particle size with time were described by single logarithmic growth models. However, the increasing rate of logarithmic particle size in Solution B is higher than that in Solution A. A model for the form of the aggregates is discussed which is applicable to PZT organometal-particle aggregation process in systems with acetic acid as a modifier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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