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  • Pitzer's equations  (3)
  • Mixed electrolytes  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Activity coefficients for HCl+NiCl2+H2O at 298.15°K and effects of higher-order electrostatic terms (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 7 (1978), S. 291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Activity coefficiet ; mixed electrolytes ; Scatchard's equations ; Pitzer's equations ; higher-order electrostatic effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Activity coefficients for CHl in the system HCl+NiCl 2 +H 2 O at 298.15°K at constant total ionic strengths of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 moles-kg −1 have been determined by an emf method. A comparison was made between Scatchard's and Pitzer's interpretations of mixed-electrolyte solutions for this system and six related systems. Preference can be given to Pitzer's method provided cognizance is taken of the effects of higher-order electrostatic terms beyond the Debye-Hückel approximation on the thermodynamic properties of asymmetrical mixtures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644276
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ionic interactions in the system HBr + BaBr2 + H2O at 25°C (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 8 (1979), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Activity coefficients ; hydrobromic acid ; barium bromide ; mixed electrolytes ; Pitzer's equations ; Scatchard's equations ; ionic interactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Electromotive-force measurements are reported for mixtures of HBr and BaBr2 in water at 25°C at constant total ionic strengths. Activity coefficients for HBr were analyzed using Pitzer's equations and Scatchard's neutral-electrolyte treatment. Both methods gave comparable results if the effects of higher-order electrostatic terms on the H+−Ba+2 interactions were included in Pitzer's treatment. Furthermore, the value of the H+−Ba+2 interaction parameter, θ(s), which should be independent of the anion, is indeed close to that for binary mixtures of these ions having chloride as common ion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650745
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Activity coefficients in aqueous mixtures of hydrochloric acid and lanthanum chloride at 25°C (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 10 (1981), S. 683-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Activity coefficients ; hydrochloric acid ; lanthanum chloride ; ternary mixtures ; Harned's rule ; Pitzer's equations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Activity coefficients of hydrochloric acid in aqueous solutions of lanthanum chloride were determined by an emf method at 25°C over an ionic strength range 0.05–3 mol-kg−1. Harned's rule was obeyed within experimental error by the acid in all the mixtures. However, the fit with Pitzer's equations was not as good as the Harned rule fit, even though the effects of higher-order electrostatic terms were considered. Activity coefficients for the salt in the mixtures were derived using the Pitzer equations and fitted to the Harned equation, whereupon Harned's rule was found to be valid for the salt up to an ionic strength of 0.3 mol-kg−1 only.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646719
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electromotive-force studies of mixed electrolytes in mixed solvents. HCl+NH4Cl in methanol+water solvents at 25°C (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 7 (1978), S. 349-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Mixed electrolytes ; mixed solvents ; Harned's method ; ion-ion interactions ; ion-solvent interactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Electromotive-force measurements of the cell Pt, H2(g, 1 atm)|HCl(m1), NH4Cl(m2), methanol(X%), Water(100−X)%|AgCl|Ag have been made at 25°C for m1+m2=1 mole-kg−1 and X=0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% methanol by weight. Hydrochloric acid obeys Harned's rule in aqueous solutions, but a quadratic term is required in the mixed solvents. The Harned coefficients for the acid vary with solvent composition, and this invalidates the applicability of Harned's method for estimating activity coefficients for single electrolytes in mixed solvents. This method is described and the reason for the inapplicability of the method is discussed in terms of ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00662895
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