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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of nanometer-scale silver crystallites via a room-temperature electrostatic spraying process (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 9 (1997), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970090511
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of PbS nanoparticles embedded in a polymer Film by a gas-aerosol reactive electrostatic deposition techniqueOVS acknowledges support from the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of the UK, contract number GR/HO4466 and PJH is supported by a SERC studentship. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 772-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940061013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-gamma-irradiation grafting of polypropylene. Part II. Butadiene: E.S.R. experiments (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 3089-3099 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ESR spectra of gamma irradiated annealed and quenched forms of polypropylene film have been studied at the temperatures used for post-irradiation grafting experiments with butadiene, described in Part I. On warming from low temperature there is radical loss by termination and some radical transformation to radicals with optimum stability in annealed polypropylene at approximately 45°C. These radicals, which may be allyl type, are sited at the crystal faces, and decay more rapidly at higher temperatures in annealed polypropylene; in quenced polypropylene their concentration never exceeds one third the optimum observed in annealed polypropylene. Correlation with the grafting experiments suggests that allyl radicals are important for long-term grafting. Effects on the ESR spectrum of adding butadiene to the system show that in the long-term butadiene adds exclusively to the allyl radicals and that alkyl radicals still present at that stage are precursors to the allyl radicals. They do not react directly with butadiene presumably because they are sited in the inaccessible crystal core. Experiments at lower temperature show that butadiene does react with alkyl radicals in accessible regions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241133
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of ethylene using a high-activity Ziegler-Natta catalyst. II. Molecular weight regulation (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; molecular weight ; ethylene ; Ziegler-Natta ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes studies on the variables that regulate the molecular weight in ethylene polymerization using a highly active Ziegler-Natta catalyst with hydrogen for molecular weight control. The dependence of the degree of polymerization on the concentration of catalyst, cocatalyst, monomer, partial pressure of hydrogen, and temperature has been established. The rate constant for chain transfer with cocatalyst has been evaluated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310126
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of ethylene using a high-activity Ziegler-Natta catalyst. I. Kinetic studies (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 209-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; Ziegler-Natta ; catalysis ; ethylene ; kinetic ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Factors affecting the particular shape of kinetic rate-time profiles in the polymerization of ethylene with a MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst activated by Al(C2H5)3 have been investigated. Examination of the dependence of the polymerization rate on the concentration of Al(C2H5)3 resulted in a Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate law. Analysis of the polymerization rate as a function of the polymerization temperature gave about 46 kJ mol-1 for the overall activation energy. Examination of the rapid decay of the polymerization rate with time showed that this decay is represented better by a first-order decay law than by a second-order one. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310125
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of radiation degradation of polyisobutylene (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 971-984 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: radiation ; polyisobutylene ; NMR ; GC/MS ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: GC, GC/MS, GPC, and Solution NMR spectra were used to study the γ radiolysis of polyisobutylene (PIB) in vacuum to different total doses (0-900 kGy) and at different temperatures (77-423 K). NMR spectra show a large number of new resonances with relatively narrow line widths, and a variety of NMR techniques have been employed to determine and quantify the structures associated with these new resonances. Chemical shift assignments were made by comparison with those for small molecule model compounds and predictions based upon calculations according to several different schemes. Chain-end structures have been proposed that account well for the majority of the new resonances, all being the result of an initial chain scission reaction initiated by the radiation. These assignments support some previous proposals for the mechanism of radiation degradation of polyisobutylene and exclude others. For example, NMR provides no evidence for the formation of ethyl chain ends and some of the main chain unsaturated structures previously proposed. NMR also indicate that at higher doses the chain end products formed during initial stages undergo secondary reactions. GC/MS data show the formation of oligomers during irradiation, which may be due to a backbitting mechanism. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of ethylene using high-activity Ziegler-type catalysts: Active center determination (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 573-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; Ziegler-Natta ; catalysis ; active centers ; ethylene ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concentration of active centers of a high-activity magnesium chloride-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst has been determined using three different methods. The initial active center concentration has been determined by quenching the reaction slurry with MeOT. To determine the concentration of the propagation species along the course of the polymerization the radio-tagging agent, 14CO, and the tagging agent, CS2, were used. CS2, was also investigated as a tagging agent of the growing chains, in a metallocene catalyst system. The results obtained were compared to obtain some insight about the reliability of each method and the kind of information each method can provide. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 573-585, 1998
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silanes on magnesium chloride studied by solid-state 29Si-NMR spectroscopy (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2835-2838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: NMR ; MAS ; silanes ; Ziegler-Natta ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 29Si cross-polarisation NMR was used to study the interaction between silanes and MgCl2 when co-milled. Large changes are seen for the 29Si chemical shift of the silane between the silane in solution and in the solid complex. Interpretation of the differences in chemical shift are hindered by the absence of an adequate semi-empirical theory. The 29Si chemical shift tensors confirm a strong interaction between the silane and MgCl2. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311121
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt block copolymerization of ∊-caprolactone and L-lactide (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: block copolymers ; ring-opening polymerization ; ∊-caprolactone ; L-lactide ; stannous octoate ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: AB block copolymers of ∊-caprolactone and (L)-lactide could be prepared by ring-opening polymerization in the melt at 110°C using stannous octoate as a catalyst and ethanol as an initiator provided ∊-caprolactone was polymerized first. Ethanol initiated the polymerization of ∊-caprolactone producing a polymer with ∊-caprolactone derived hydroxyl end groups which after addition of L-lactide in the second step of the polymerization initiated the ring-opening copolymerization of L-lactide. The number-average molecular weights of the poly(∊-caprolactone) blocks varied from 1.5 to 5.2 × 103, while those of the poly(L-lactide) blocks ranged from 17.4 to 49.7 × 103. The polydispersities of the block copolymers varied from 1.16 to 1.27. The number-average molecular weights of the polymers were controlled by the monomer/hydroxyl group ratio, and were independent on the monomer/stannous octoate ratio within the range of experimental conditions studied. When L-lactide was polymerized first, followed by copolymerization of ∊-caprolactone, random copolymers were obtained. The formation of random copolymers was attributed to the occurrence of transesterification reactions. These side reactions were caused by the ∊-caprolactone derived hydroxyl end groups generated during the copolymerization of ∊-caprolactone with pre-polymers of L-lactide. The polymerization proceeds through an ester alcoholysis reaction mechanism, in which the stannous octoate activated ester groups of the monomers react with hydroxyl groups. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intramolecular cyclization in hyperbranched polyesters (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 1627-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: hyperbranched macromolecule ; polyester ; focal point groups ; intramolecular cyclization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of monomer structure and catalyst on the synthesis of hyperbranched polyesters based on 4,4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid has been examined. The nature of the ester group and the catalyst have a significant effect on the molecular weight of the hyperbranched polyester but do not effect the degree of branching for these materials. The fate of the single ester group at the focal point of these hyperbranched macromolecules is probed by the synthesis and polymerization of 13C labeled methyl 4,4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoate. Comparison of the molecular weights determined by 1H- or 13C-NMR spectra with those determined by osmometry suggest that intramolecular cyclization does not occur to a significant extent in these systems. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1627-1633, 1997
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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