Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Narcotic cuing and analgesic activity of narcotic analgesics: Associative and dissociative characteristics (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 57 (1978), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Fentanyl ; Narcotic cue ; Analgesia ; Drug discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By using a discrete-trial, two-lever, food-reinforced discrimination learning paradigm, rats were trained to discriminate the narcotic analgesic fentanyl (0.04 mg/kg) from saline. Stimulus generalization experiments with lower fentanyl doses (0.0025 to 0.02 mg/kg) were carried out to generate individual threshold doses. The latter were compared with the sensitivity of the same rats to the analgesic effect of fentanyl, and it was found that there is no correlation between these two sets of data. In a time-effect experiment, the duration of fentanyl's cuing effect was compared with that of its analgesic effect, and it was found that the time-effect characteristics of the narcotic cue are similar to those of analgesia. Again, however, there was no correlation between the duration of both effects within the same group of animals. The results further deliniate the associative and dissociative characteristics of the narcotic cue and narcotic analgesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426952
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes of sensitivity to the cuing properties of narcotic drugs as evidenced by generalization and cross-generalization experiments (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 58 (1978), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Fentanyl ; Morphine ; Narcotic cue ; Sensitivity ; Oscillation ; Drug discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract With a discrete-trial, food-reward, two-lever procedure, rats were trained to discriminate 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl from saline. Individual threshold doses for seneralization of fentanyl and for cross-generalization of morphine were determined repeatedly during a 17-week posttraining period. Threshold doses of both drugs almost continuously shifted in both the up- and downward direction. Shifts of fentanyl threshold doses covaried with those of morphine threshold doses. These shifts can best be described by a sustained oscillation, the mean amplitude of which amounts to a factor 3.65 of the dose-range for fentanyl, and to a factor 1.85 for morphine. The upper and lower limits of oscillation were symmetrical with respect to baseline. The oscillation can be described by a function expressing that the more distant a point along the function is from the baseline, the more it is susceptible to (positive/negative) acceleration along the intensity (i.e., dose) axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427388
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroleptic interference with the cocaine cue: Internal stimulus control of behavior and psychosis (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 58 (1978), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cocaine ; Haloperidol ; Pimozide ; Spiperone ; Internal stimulus ; Drug discrimination ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability of cocaine to exert internal stimulus control of behavior was investigated by training rats to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine from saline in a discrete-trial, two-lever, food-reward procedure. Acquisition of response control by cocaine (1) succeeded in all animals tested, (2) proceeded rapidly, and (3) was associated with a high Commission Error: Omission Error ratio. These findings support the hypothesis that cocaine, a prototype of drugs inducing a psychotic condition in humans, can act as a powerful internal stimulus in rats. The cocaine cue was also responsive to the action of the dopamine-receptor-blocking agents spiperone (ED50: 0.06 mg/kg), haloperidol (0.24 mg/kg), and pimozide (1.90 mg/kg). d,l-Amphetamine (1.25 mg/kg) induced stimulus generalization with cocaine, and this generalization was blocked by dosages of the same neuroleptics comparable to those of cocaine antagonism. The results are discussed in terms of internal stimulus control of behavior and its relevance to the psychophysiology of schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427387
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical and methodological considerations on drug discrimination learning (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 46 (1976), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Cue ; State dependent learning ; Amphetamine ; Desipramine ; Haloperidol ; Chlordiazepoxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method is described which allows the assessment of discriminative stimulus properties of drugs, and the ability of amphetamine (0.16 mg/kg, s.c), chlordiazepoxide (5 mg/kg, p.o.), desipramine (5 mg/kg, s.c), and haloperidol (0.02 mg/kg, s.c.) to produce a discriminative stimulus complex (DSC) is evidenced. The method is found to yield clear-cut data that are specifically related to drug discrimination learning without being possibly confounded by state dependent effects. In addition, the experimental procedure is designed so as to provide an appropriate measurement of operant response modulating drug effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421388
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential haloperidol effect on two indices of fentanyl-saline discrimination (1977)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 53 (1977), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Haloperidol ; Fentanyl ; Drug discrimination ; Narcotic cue ; Discrimination index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using a discrete-trial, two-lever, foodreward discrimination learning paradigm, we trained rats (n=6) to discriminate 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl (s.c. t-30′) from saline. Stimulus generalization experiments with an adequate dose range (0.01–0.04 mg/kg) of fentanyl revealed that the ED50 value for drug lever selection is 0.02 mg/kg, irrespective of whether the animals were pretreated (s.c., t-60′) with either saline or 0.08 mg/kg haloperidol. With increasing doses of the haloperidol-fentanyl combination, the percentage of total responding on the selected lever progressively decreased, and reached the 50% level at the highest drug combination. It is concluded that this percentage is heavily contaminated by factors unrelated to the discrimination condition being studied; these factors seem to invalidate this percentage as a discrimination index under experimental conditions (e.g., behaviorally toxic doses of drugs) where they are likely to operate. The use of response selection as a discrimination index in drug discrimination research is further argued.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426488
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agonist and antagonist effects of prototype opiate drugs in fentanyl dose-dose discrimination (1986)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 90 (1986), S. 222-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Dose-dose discrimination ; Opiates ; Fentanyl ; Morphine ; Naloxone ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The experiments characterized the effects of fentanyl, morphine, naloxone, cyclazocine, nalorphine, ketocyclazocine and N-allylnormetazocine in rats that were trained to discriminate 0.04 mg/kg from 0.02 mg/kg fentanyl (dose-dose discrimination). The data are compared to results obtained previously in rats discriminating 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl from saline (drug-saline discrimination). In the dose-dose discrimination fentanyl and morphine produced responding appropriate to 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl at doses which were 3.0- and 1.6-fold higher, respectively, than in drug-saline discrimination. Naloxone antagonized the stimulus effects of 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl at 9.8-fold lower doses than in drug-saline discrimination. The dose-effect curves of fentanyl and naloxone in rats discriminating 0.04 mg/kg from 0.02 mg/kg fentanyl, were steeper than in rats discriminating 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl from saline. While cyclazocine, nalorphine and N-allylnormetazocine acted as mixed and partial agonists/antagonists in drug-saline discrimination, those compounds acted as pure and complete antagonists of 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl in dose-dose discrimination. The rank order of compounds in antagonizing the stimulus effects of 0.04 mg/kg fentanyl in dose-dose discrimination was naloxone 〉 N-allylnormetazocine 〉 cyclazocine 〉 nalorphine. It is suggested that a greater magnitude of opiate activity is required for producing generalization with the same 0.04 mg/kg dose of fentanyl in dose-dose as compared with drug-saline discrimination. Dose-dose discrimination may afford a more accurate method than drug-saline discrimination for assessing the equivalence of the discriminative stimulus properties of drugs. The data obtained in the present study are consistent with the hypothesis that the discriminative stimulus effects of the opiate compounds studied are mediated by a molecular mechanism involving only a single opiate receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00181246
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ammonia/ammonium thiocyanate on cotton fabric (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 2025-2032 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of ammonia/ammonium thiocyanate (NH3/NH4SCN) treatment of the swelling behavior, structural changes, and physical properties of cotton sheeting was compared with that of sodium hydroxide and liquid ammonia mercerization. Increased percent shrinkage, accessibility to a large dye molecule, dyestuff absorption, swelling with water, and water imbibition showed that NH3/NH4SCN had improved the accessibility of the cotton fabric. X-ray diffractograms showed the characteristic Cellulose I crystal lattice. X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopy indicated that the crystallite size was unchanged and the swelling from the NH3/NH4SCN treatment occurred in the amorphous regions of the cellulose since the observed crystal structure was unchanged. Moisture regain determinations and barium hydroxide absorption suggested that some recrystallization of the cellulose may have occurred from the NH3/NH4SCN treatment. Fibers treated with NH3/NH4SCN showed a cross sectional shape similar to that of the origianl fibers but with reduced lumen area.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250801
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental investigation on the evolution of the molecular weight distribution in styrene emulsion polymerization (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 989-1006 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: emulsion polymerization ; molecular weight distribution ; styrene ; morphology ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Styrene ab initio emulsion polymerizations were conducted at 70°C in an automated reaction calorimeter. Two polymerizations were performed, one above and the other below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactant, thus ensuring differing polymerization kinetics between the two: the system below the CMC gave large particles that were expected to follow pseudobulk kinetics, while that above the CMC gave small particles that were expected to follow zero-one kinetics. The evolutions of the molecular weight distributions (MWDs) were characterized by removing samples periodically during the course of the reactions and analyzing with gel permeation chromatography. Interpretation of the data used average molecular weights, the GPC MWDs, and the number MWDs, as functions of conversion. It was found that all of the number MWDs (plotted as ln (number of polymer chains) vs. molecular weight of polymer chains) were concave-up at low molecular weights and become nearly linear at molecular weights (≥3-4 × 106); this linearity is expected from theory. The slope of the high molecular weight region was consistent with theory for the dominant mode for chain stoppage: termination and transfer for the pseudobulk system and (predominantly) chain transfer to monomer for the zero-one system. The most likely explanation for the concavity of the number MWDs is a heterogeneity of radicals: some surface anchored with sulfate end groups and others (with hydrogen end groups arising from transfer to monomer and/or reentry) being more mobile. Thus, two types of termination are proposed: slow reaction-diffusion for the less mobile surface anchored chains, and rapid short-long (center of mass) termination for the more mobile hydrogen-terminated chains. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 989-1006, 1997
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on permeation through polymer latex films, III. Modification using soluble polymeric additives (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 23-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: polymer latex films ; film permeability ; Eudragit® ; soluble polymeric film additives ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The influence of two distinct types of water leachable polymeric additives upon the transport properties across polymer latex films is considered. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, added as an aqueous solution, and a methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer, added as latex particles, are both shown to be more effective than lower molecular weight rapidly water soluble additives, typified by sucrose, in enhancing solute transport and creating pathways for convective diffusion.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210380103
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on permeation through polymer latex films, II. Permeation modification by sucrose addition (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: polymer latex films ; permeability ; convective transport ; Eudragit® ; poly(methacrylate) ; sucrose ; film porosity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An investigation of the effect of leachable sucrose on the permeability of polymer latex films showed that the additive can be used to vary the solute permeability in a systematic manner, as a result of increased free volume resulting from additive leaching. However, the extent of the permeability enhancement is dependent on both the glass transition temperature of the polymer and its ability to sustain porosity and prevent pore reduction by wet sintering and/or film drying, and also the compatibility of the sucrose additive with the polymer. The loading of additive dictates how readily it is leached and, hence, the presence, or not, of continuous porosity through the full thickness of film. Although continuous porosity can be conferred on the film by the sucrose leaching, the resulting porosity still greatly inhibits the permeation of electrolyte, and the film fails well before the level of porosity approaches that required for unimpeded transport.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210380102
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...