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Role of bradykinin in the antihypertr. ophic effects of enalapril in the newborn pig heart (1996)

Beinlich, Cathy J. ; Rissinger, Christine J. ; Vitkauskas, Kristen J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Molecular and cellular biochemistry 163-164 (1996), S. 77-83

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ISSN: 1573-4919

Keywords: bradykinin ; HOE 140 ; enalapril maleate ; hypertrophy ; angiotensin 11 ; newborn heart

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Rapid growth of the left ventricle of the newborn pig heart can be restrained by treating piglets with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril maleate. This reduced rate of growth is reflected in vitro by reduced rates of ribosome formation and protein synthesis, and may be due to decreased availability of angiotensin II (All), a potentially hypertrophic agent; decreased numbers of All receptors; increased availability of bradykinin, a potentially antihypertrophic agent; or reduced hemodynamic load on the left ventricle. Because enalapril decreases degradation of bradykinin, the role of bradykinin as an inhibitor of cardiac growth in the newborn heart was investigated. Addition of 1 × 10−5 M bradykinin and 1 × 10−6 Menalapril to the perfusate of isolated hearts from 2 day old piglets did not significantly alter heart rate, contents of ATP or creatine phosphate or rates of ribosome formation or protein synthesis during 1 h of perfusion. Similarly, exposure of myocytes isolated from the left ventricular free wall of piglets to 5 × 10−6 M bradykinin for 72 h did not alter the rate of [3H]-phenylalanine incorporation into total protein. The reduced rate of left ventricular growth in vivo caused by enalapril administration was not reversed by simultaneous treatment with the specific bradykinin receptor antagonist, HOE 140. HOE 140 alone did not alter ventricular growth as compared to hearts from untreated piglets. In summary, these results demonstrate that the reduced rate of left ventricular growth in vivo and the reduced rate of ribosome formation and protein synthesis in the left ventricle in vitro after enalapril treatment of piglets is not the result of an inhibitory effect of bradykinin on cardiac growth.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408643

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Heat transfer from a buoyant smoke layer beneath a ceiling to a sprinkler spray. 1 - a tentative theory (1979)

Morgan, Howard P.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Fire and Materials 3 (1979), S. 27-33

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ISSN: 0308-0501

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: A theory is developed for calculating the heat transferred from a buoyant layer of fire gases and smoke, to a sprinkler spray. The theory involves calculating the heat transfer to a single water drop as it describes its trajectory, and uses experimentally derived information on the nature and structure of such sprays to calculate heat transfer to the whole spray. Because such experimental information is sparse for sprinklers, a very simple model of the ballistic properties of a sprinkler spray is adopted. Calculations using the teory suggest that the practive of installing sprinklers in the smoke reservoirs of shopping malls would, in some cases at least, reduce the effectiveness of natural venting of smoke by reducing the buoyancy of the hot smoky gases.

Additional Material: 2 Ill.