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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (7)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rubber-modified epoxies: Interfacial tension and morphology (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 2627-2636 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The interfacial tension between carbomethoxy-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers and an epoxy resin as a function of temperature and copolymer composition is investigated. Using a digital image processing technique, the shape of a pendant drop of the epoxy in the copolymer is determined. Analysis of the drop shape is performed by profile discrimination and subsequent robust shape analysis. The data are used to examine the relationship between interfacial tension and particle size of the dispersed copolymer-rich phase in rubber-modified epoxy resins, that are immiscible in the uncured state.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370914
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle neutron scattering from two-phase polymeric systemsResearch supported by a joint NSF-CNRS postdoctoral research fellowship administered through the U.S.-France exchange of scientists program. (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 593-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A small-angle neutron scattering method is presented for the determination of single-chain scattering functions in heterogeneous two-phase polymeric materials such as incompatible polymer blends and microphase-separated diblock copolymers. Development of the method makes use of both the discrete and continuum approaches to scattering theory. In this fashion it is shown that extraction of the single-chain scattering function requires only two experimental observations, regardless of the compressibility of the system. These experiments consist of small-angle neutron scattering profiles from two samples: an unlabeled two-phase material and a similar two-phase material in which a portion of the molecules in one phase have been replaced by molecules which are contrast labeled by isotopic deuterium substitution. Anticipated difficulties associated with actual application of the procedure and requirements of the necessary experimental samples are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.180200403
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle scattering analysis of hard-microdomain structure and microphase mixing in polyurethane elastomers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1883-1913 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The microdomain structure of a series of segmented polyurethane block copolymers is characterized by small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering analyses. The materials contain hard segments formed from 4,4′- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and butanediol (BD), and range in hard-segment content from 20 to 80% by weight. The results provide evidence for a transition from discrete to continuous hard-microdomain morphology as the hard-segment content is increased above ca. 50%. The measured concentration dependences of the interdomain spacing, specific interfacial area, diffuse microphase boundary thickness, and scattering invariants are used to examine the validity of present models for hard-microdomain structure. The observed behavior corresponds well with the general predictions of a lamellar model wherein partially coiled hard-segment sequence configurations are allowed. The thickness of the hard microdomains extracted from the model corresponds to approximately four hard-segment repeat units. Scattering invariant calculations are used together with determinations of the soft-microphase glass transition temperatures to examine possible models for microdomain mixing. These calculations suggest that both the hard and soft microphases are phase mixed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230912
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle X-ray scattering studies of microdomain structure in segmented polyurethane elastomers (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 21 (1983), S. 1439-1472 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) technique has been used to characterize the detailed microphase structure of two crosslinked segmented polyurethane elastomers. Both copolymers contain trifunctional polypropylene ether triols in the rubbery elastomeric block, but are synthesized with different hard segments: a symmetric 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) chain extended with butanediol (BD); and an 80/20 mixture of asymmetric 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and symmetric 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) chain extended with ethylene glycol (EG). Calculations of SAXS invariants and determinations of deviations from Porod's law are used to examine the degree of phase segregation of the hard- and soft-segment domains. Results show that the overall degree of phase separation is poorer in the asymmetric TDI/EG-based copolymer than in the symmetric MDI/BD-based copolymer. Determination of diffuse phase boundary thicknesses, however, reveals that the domain boundaries are sharper in the asymmetric TDI/EG system. The contrasting morphologies found in the two systems are interpreted in terms of differences in hard-soft segment compatibility, diisocyanate symmetry, and diisocyanate length. Coupled with conformational considerations, this information is used to construct a new model for polyurethane hard-segment microdomain structure. Important features of the model are that it takes into account the effects of hard-segment sequence length distribution and allows for folding of the longer hard-segment sequences back into the hard-segment domain.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.180210814
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle x-ray scattering measurements of diffuse phase-boundary thicknesses in segmented polyurethane elastomers (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 21 (1983), S. 2181-2200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The diffuse phase boundary thicknesses of two segmented polyurethane block copolymers have been determined by small-angle x-ray scattering analyses of deviations from Porod's law. A self-consistency test of these measurements is performed by comparing results of experiments carried out under a variety of collimation geometries, and using a number of different analytical procedures. Self-consistent values of the diffuse phase boundary thickness are obtained for both of the materials examined. The discrepancies between these values and previous literature values are discussed and possible origins of these differences are presented.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.180211025
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of morphological transitions on hydrogen bonding in polyurethanes: Preliminary results of simultaneous DSC-FTIR experiments (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 2487-2498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The influence of morphological transitions on the hydrogen-bonding behavior of polyurethanes is investigated by simultaneous measurements of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The materials examined are a noncrystalline polyurethane hard segment, a crystallizable polyurethane hard segment, and a segmented polyurethane block copolymer containing crystallizable hard segments. Integrated absorbance data show that the hydrogen-bonding behavior is insensitive to crystalline transitions within the hard segment microdomains, but that it does reflect morphological transitions in the block copolymer that are associated with intersegmental mixing. In addition, the spectral data show conclusive evidence for reversal of the urethane reaction at high temperatures.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090241107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle light scattering from thin polymer films: Multiple scattering from Debye-Bueche scatterersSupported by grants from the General Tire and Rubber Company, the National Science Foundation, and the Materials Research Laboratory of the University of Massachusetts. (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An extension of Hartel's theory for multiple scattering has been applied to the case of small-angle light scattering from polymer films with random two-phase morphology. The scattering is treated in terms of Debye-Bueche theory from which values of the correlation length, an average phase size, and mean-square fluctuation in polarizability are determined. It is shown that multiple scattering leads to a reduction in the angular dependence of scattering due to an enhancement of scattering at high angles. This leads to an underestimate of the correlation length and an overestimate of the magnitude of the mean-square polarizability fluctuation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180202
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