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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between microscopic and macroscopic structures of organic thin films for SHG (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 2 (1993), S. 245-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: Electron diffraction ; Non-linear optics ; Organic thin films ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: The experiments described in this paper were undertaken in order to obtain information about the relationship between the structure and non-linear optical properties (second-harmonic generation) of organic thin films. For this purpose, two closely related dyes, diones and tetrones, were compared, both of which are shown to have large hyperpolarisabilities. Their microscopic properties are investigated by conformational analysis and electron diffraction. It could be shown that detailed knowledge about the structure and the adjacent neighbour packing can be obtained from conformational analysis and electron diffraction in order to understand the non-linear optical properties of the two dyes.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860020506
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of contraction of drawn nylon 66 in aqueous phenol (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 427-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The rate of contraction of drawn nylon 66 in aqueous phenol was investigated, and a method is described for correlating this contraction with a series of elementary rate processes. The rate constants so obtained were analyzed by absolute rate theory, and the variations of ΔH† and ΔS† with phenol concentration gave evidence of the nature of the reaction steps.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of hydrophobic bonding in the contraction of nylon 66 in phenolic solutions (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1191-1199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Rate constants for intermolecular bond breaking (k1) and bond re-formation (k2) were calculated from contraction measurements. Variation of ΔH
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130608
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of phase separation in polymer blends for deep quenches (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 723-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electro microscopy was used to study the phase separation kinetics of a polystyrene/polyvinylmethylether system subjected to a critical deep quench. The size of the phase-separated domains was found to increase linearly with time, implying that hydrodynamic effects control the rate of growth of the domains in the time scale and temperature range under consideration. From these measurements the growth velocity and approximate diffusion constants can be determined for three different temperatures. Comparison of these results with those obtained by light scattering on other systems and with theoretical predictions is possible by replotting in dimensionless units.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090240401
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical analysis of lamellar thickness distributions (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 967-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A comparison of crystallite thickness distributions, as obtained from thin section electron microscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, and low-frequency Raman acoustical model (LAM), is discussed in detail. It is shown with the aid of a large number of examples that a reliable numerical estimate of crystal thicknesses and long spacings is a complex problem. The values that are obtained by the different experimental techniques depend not only on the crystallite morphology, such as curvature and lateral extension, but very specifically, and crucially, on the nature of the thickness distribution. A series of widely different types of size distributions have been developed by controlling the molecular weight and crystallization temperature. Studies of these distributions, by the aforementioned experimental techniques, have revealed the reasons when and why agreement or disagreement is obtained in the determination of the crystallite thickness distribution.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090270502
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the Raman LAM and electron microscopy in determining crystallite thickness distributions: Polyethylenes with narrow size distributions (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 957-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A detailed quantitative comparison between thin section electron microscopy, utilizing the chlorosulfonation technique, and the Raman low-frequency acoustical mode (LAM) in determining the crystallite size distribution in polyethylenes having narrow distributions is made. Three different polyethylene systems have been analyzed, one of which was specifically prepared for this work. Very good quantitative agreement is obtained between these two analytical methods when account is taken of the chain tilt and the distribution is restrained to be narrow. Systems having broad crystallite size distributions introduce complexities into this comparison.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090270501
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quantitative electron microscopic study of the crystalline structure of ethylene copolymers (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 1283-1302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Quantitative thin-section electron microscope studies were made on compositional fractions of ethylene copolymers crystallized under several extreme conditions. The co-units chosen were such that the chains contained either ethyl, hexyl, or acetate side groups. Certain general features are independent of the chemical nature of the co-unit. It was found that up to about 2 mol % co-unit content lamellae are observed in all copolymers which were slowly cooled from the melt. The lateral dimensions of lamellae are not as large as in corresponding homopolymers and the lamellae are segmented. As the branch content increases the lamellae become shorter and eventually degrade into small crystallites. Within this broad outline of behavior, differences between the copolymer types are discerned and discussed. By comparison with the Raman LAM it is shown that quantitative values for the crystallite size distribution are obtained by the electron microscopy method used. Furthermore, when the specimen consisted of well-ordered lamellar stacks the degree of crystallinity obtained from the electron micrographs was in quantitative agreement with the enthalpy of fusion.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090240608
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model of partial crystallization and melting derived from small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopic studies on low-density polyethylene (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1361-1381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A temperature-dependent small-angle x-ray scattering and electron microscopic study on a sample of low-density polyethylene affords a determination of the structure changes in a heating and cooling cycle and suggests a new model of partial crystallization and melting. The analysis of SAXS data is based upon some general properties of the electron-density correlation function. Electron micrographs are obtained from stained sections γ irradiated at elevated temperatures and are analyzed quantitatively by statistical means. According to the model proposed here the thickness distribution in the amorphous layers, rather than that of the crystalline regions, is the essential factor governing the crystallization and melting behavior. The temperature-dependent changes in this thickness distribution provide a natural explanation for the large reversible changes in long-spacing.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180615
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of electron microscopy to obtain quantitative information about the melting behavior of branched polyethylene (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1513-1522 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The melting behavior of low-density polyethylene was studied by electron microscopy. The experimental techniques and method of evaluation chosen were such as to deliver quantitative numerical data. The values which could be derived from suitably prepared histograms were the minimum, maximum, average, and most probable values of the crystal thickness d and long-spacing L. All these values were in good agreement with small-angle x-ray scattering results. The histograms also show the distribution functions for d and L, so that effects leading to changes in the average values can be observed in detail. The results provide further support for a model of melting and crystallization proposed in a previous paper.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180703
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of melt-crystallized linear polyethylene fractions and its dependence on molecular weight and crystallization temperature (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 2347-2367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Replicas and thin-section electron microscopic studies were made of fractions of linear polyethylene covering the molecular weight range 2.78 × 104 to 6.0 × 106 for a variety of crystallizing conditions. Lamellar crystallites were found under all circumstances; and the supermolecular structure, or crystalline morphology, is in agreement with that previously reported from an analysis of the small-angle light-scattering patterns of the same samples under similar crystallization conditions. Details of the crystalline microstructure are also described, which range from truncated hollow pyramids which degenerate as the molecular weight or the undercooling are increased. From these results, it is possible to describe the mechanism of formation of polyethylene spherulites.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180181204
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