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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unique crystalline structure and performance of poly(ethylene terephthalate) melt spun fibers (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 909-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: crystalline morphology ; extended chain ; poly(ethylene terephthalate) ; melt spinning ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Modification of the threadline dynamics has effected significant alternations in the structure and improvements in the properties of high-speed melt spun poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers. Key process parameters extant in the threadline dynamics, such as temperature, tensile stress, and deformation time, were independently controlled through proper implementation of on-line perturbations. The placement of a liquid isothermal bath in close proximity to the spinneret in the melt spinning threadline provided tremendous increase in the spinning stress while at the same time controlled the filament temperature corresponding to development of the desired fiber structure. Characterization of the fiber structure and physical properties has been carried out using birefringence measurements, density, shrinkage, x-ray diffraction, DSC, FTIR spectroscopy, and tensile tests. The results provided sufficient evidence to support the existence of a unique crystalline morphology that led to the significantly improved tensile properties and excellent dimensional stability of the resulting fibers. This unique crystalline morphology was typically characterized by the presence of a larger amount of extended chain segments and an enhanced molecular connectivity. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330606
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long chain branching in ethylene polymerization using constrained geometry metallocene catalyst (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 199 (1998), S. 2409-2416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We report an experimental investigation on long chain branching (LCB) in ethylene polymerization with the Dow Chemical's constrained geometry catalyst system, CGC-Ti/TPFPB/MMAO, using a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) at 140°C, 3.45 × 103 kPa, and a mean residence time (τ) of 4 min. The effects of the catalyst (CGC-Ti) and co-catalyst (TPFPB and MMAO) concentrations on the catalyst activity, polymer molecular weight, and shear thinning were systematically examined. The boron cocatalyst had a great influence on the CGC activity. Increasing the ratio TPFPB/CGC-Ti from 0.66 to 5 gave ethylene propagation rates from 1.65 × 103 to 1.36 × 104 L · mol-1 · s-1. The addition of MMAO appeared to be essential, most likely acting as an impurity scavenger. The LCB polyethylenes showed enhanced shear thinning properties. The melt flow index ratios I10/I2 were in the range of 6.96 to 23.4, with the I2 of 0.172 to 0.681 g/10 min. The weight-average molecular weight Mw was correlated to I2 using a power equation within narrow I10/I2 ranges. The exponential factors were in the range of 4.24 to 6.31. The experimental and calculated Mw's were in a good agreement.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A magnetic rotation study of polymerization of styreneThis investigation was carried out under the sponsorship of the Associate Committee on Synthetic Rubber Research of the National Research Council of Canada. (1947)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 2 (1947), S. 296-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermal polymerization of styrene in vacuo has been followed by measuring the change of its magnetic rotatory power. The degree of polymerization was determined from measurements of the refractive index, viscosity, and density. The Verdel constant of the monomer at 25 °C. was found to be 0.0338 minute per gauss per cm.; furthermore, it showed no appreciable change on polymerization. Because of experimental difficulties the measurements could not be made beyond 25% polymerization.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1947.120020306
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxide formation on Fe and Ti thin films and on Fe thin films modified with ultrathin layers of Ti (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 48-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reactions of O2 and H2O to from thin oxides on Fe, Ti and Ti-modified Fe thin films have been studied by XPS, following O2 and H2O exposure in the range 0-600 L, to form oxides with thicknesses of 〈 40 Å. XPS Iineshape analysis is used, utilizing a special combination of reflection electron energy-loss spectroscopy (REELS) and nonlinear least-squares fitting routines to model the intrinsic and extrinsic energy losses that accompany potoemission for the Ti and Fe 2p lines. During the formation of the thinnest oxides, this approach yields a unique picture of the composition of the oxide, while for the thicker layers, there is little significant difference between this fitting approach and (1) fitting approaches using an integral background approach or (2) direct deconvolution methods using the REELS data. Both Fe and Ti are quite reactive to O2, yielding a surface oxide that is apparently an FeO-dominated FeO/Fe3O4 bilayer on Fe surface oxide that is predominantly TiO2 on the Ti surface. Pure Fe and Ti surfaces are unreactive to H2O. Predosing of thewse surfaces with low levels of O2 (5 L) does not increase the reactivity appreciably toward H2O. Ti dispersed on the Fe surface as an adatom layer, with an equivalent thickness of 3 Å, greatly suppresses the reactivity of Fe toward O2, while the Ti is oxidized primarily to TiO2, In contrast to the pure Ti layers, these Ti adatom layers are quite reactive toward H2O, yielding oxides (no evidence for hydroxide) in a uniform distribution of oxidation states (Ti+2, Ti+3 and Ti+4).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740170112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of adhesive and coating constituents by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Part 1: Epoxy-terminated diglycidyl polyethers of bisphenol-A and propal-2-ol (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of epoxide resins typically used in adhesive and coating applications have been characterized by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Using thin-film silver cationization, oligomers containing up to 16 bisphenol-A groups were detected for the epoxide-terminated diglycidyl polyethers of bisphenol-A and propan-s-ol that comprise the bulk resins. For the higher molecular weight resins, the results indicate the additional presence of monoglycol-, diglycol- and phenol-terminated oligomers. For thicker film specimens, the spectra exhibit signals characteristic of the terminal epoxide and the bisphenol-A components comprising the oligomer chains. Furthermore, the relative intensities of these diagnostic signals reflect the compositions of the epoxide resins in a quantitative manner.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740200519
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concepts for fire protection of passenger rail transportation vehicles: Past, present, and futureThis paper was prepared under the auspices of the US Government and is therefore not subject to copyright. (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 19 (1995), S. 71-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Recent advances in passenger rail transportation, fire test methods, and hazard analysis necessitate re-examination of requirements for fire safety. Several studies have indicated nearly random ability of current bench-scale tests to predicts actual fire behavior. Fire safety in any application, including transportation, requires a multi-faceted approach. The effects of vehicle design, material selection, detection and suppression systems, and emergency egress and their interaction, on the overall fire safety of the passenger trains must all be considered. The strengths and weakness of current methods for measuring the fire performance of rail transportation systems are evaluated. A systems approach to fire safety which address typical passenger train fire scenatios is analyzed. A rationale is presented for the direction in which most fire science-oriented organizations in the world are clearly headed - the use of fire hazard and fire risk assessment methods supported by measurement methods based on heat release rate.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810190205
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incorporation of nickel into poly(iminomethylene)s obtained from the polymerization of isocyanides catalyzed by nickel(II) derivatives: An energy dispersive scanning electron microscopy study (1988)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 9 (1988), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1988.030090506
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of polystyrene with long chain branches via free radical polymerization (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2027-2039 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polystyrene with random long chain branches has been difficult to prepare. A new approach using small amounts of chain-transferring monomers to copolymerize with styrene free radically was examined in this work. Of the several comonomers examined, vinylbenzylthiol yielded polystyrene with branched structure. But because of the high chain trnsfer constant, the branches occurred mainly in the low-molecular-weight end of the distribution. As a side interest, vinylbenzylthiol was found to be an effective agent for the broadening of molecular weight distribution.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170190815
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic microscopy of polymers (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 18 (1980), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.130180204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utility of pulsed-field gradient - HMBC indirect detection NMR experiments for polymer structure determinationPresented at ‘MacroAkron '94, 35th IUPAC Symposium on Macromolecules’, Akron, Ohio, 11-15 July 1994. (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 36 (1995), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: NMR ; pulsed-field gradient ; heteronuclear multiple bond correlation ; block copolymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The utility of pulsed-field gradient (PFG)-heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) 2D NMR experiments for characterizing polymer structure is demonstrated. Heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) and HMBC indirect detection experiments provide correlations indicating the presence of one-bond and two-or three-bond connectivities, respectively; this information is vital for polymer structure determination. When HMBC methods are combined with PFG techniques artifacts are eliminated which normally limit the utility of HMBC. The elimination of these artifacts lowers the detection limit by almost two orders of magnitude, making it feasible to detect signals from the small number of repeat units bonded to defect structures, chain ends, branch points and block junctions, despite the presence of much larger resonances from the main-chain repeat units. Spectra of poly(isobutylene-b-butadiene) diblocks and poly(isoprene-b-styrene) diblocks are used to illustrate these advantages.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210360208
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