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  • Polymorphism  (1)
  • Renin angiotensin system  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 91 (1996), S. 65-71 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Renin angiotensin system ; hypertrophy ; afterload ; angiotensin converting enzyme ; polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The risk to suffer from cardiovascular events may be modulated, in part, by neurohormonal systems. Neurohormones such as angiotensin II or aldosterone may be activated secondary to congestive heart failure or in the course of an acute myocardial infarction. These systems, if activated, will subject the failing heart to increased hemodynamic load and, thus, further compromise cardiac function. In addition, structural changes of the heart and vessels occurring with pressure or volume overload may be amplified by the growth promoting effects of these agents. Taken together, the interaction of underlying cardiovascular disease and activated neurohormones may often determine clinical symptoms and prognosis. More recently, growing evidence suggests that the basal, genetically determined, activity of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system may relate to the development of cardiovascular disease as well. In particular, variants of the angiotensinogen and angiotensin converting enzyme genes have been associated with essential hypertension, myocardial infarction, or left ventricular hypertrophy. In this regard, the data suggest that the renin angiotensin aldosterone system may be one of the primary causes, rather than only a secondary co-factor, in the pathogenesis of these most important cardiovascular disorders. In light of the various options of pharmacological intervention, it seems important that ongoing clinical and molecular-genetic research will further define the role of the renin angiotensin system in clinical conditions or genetic risk profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words TGF-β III receptor gene ; TGFBR3 ; Polymorphism ; Chromosome 1p33–p32
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We found 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms and one triple nucleotide insertion in the cDNA of the human transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) III receptor gene (TGFBR3) located on 1p33–p32, encoding betaglycan, a component of the TGF-β receptor system. Inside the 5′ untranslated region (UTR), a G→A polymorphism was identified at position 311. In the open reading frame (ORF), a non-conservative T→C polymorphism was identified at position 392, and three conservative polymorphisms were found at positions 563 (G→A), 1548 (G→A), and 2370 (C→T). A triple nucleotide insertion (GCA) was identified at position 1419. Inside the 3′ UTR, six polymorphisms were identified: four G→A, at positions 2918, 3055, 3098, and 3355; one T→A, at position 3183; and one G→C, at position 3966. In addition to these changes, some divergences from the published sequence were observed in all 12 chromosomes tested. These included, in the ORF, an additional C after position 555, two additional G after position 563, and an additional T after position 1388. No T was found at position 1394. The alterations translate to a changed amino acid sequence. Inside the 3′ UTR, additional discrepancies were identified. The discovered changes and polymorphisms may be useful for further genetic studies of TGFBR3 receptor deficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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