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  • Triticum aestivum  (7)
  • apoptosis  (6)
  • Puccinia recondita tritici  (4)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics of resistance to Puccinia graminis tritici in ‘Chris’ and ‘W3746’ wheats (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 846-855 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Puccinia graminis tritici ; Triticum aestivum ; Monosomic analysis ; Rust resistance ; Gene identification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary ‘Chris’ wheat possessed genes Sr5, Sr7a, Sr8a, Sr9g and Sr12. ‘W3746’, derived from the cross ‘Chris’/‘Baart’, possessed Sr7a and Sr12. The response conferred by Sr7a was influenced by the genetic background. Although Sr7a or Sr12 alone conferred no observable resistance upon adult plants, the adult resistances of ‘Chris’ and ‘W3746’ to predominant pathotypes appeared to be associated with the interaction of Sr7a and Sr12, or genes at closely linked loci.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289389
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics of resistance toPuccinia graminis tritici andPuccinia recondite tritici in four South African wheats (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 79 (1990), S. 401-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Puccinia graminis tritici ; Puccinia recondita Tritici ; Triticum aestivum ; Rust resistance ; Gene identification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Genes for resistance toPuccinia graminis tritici andPuccinia recondita tritici identified in four South African wheats were:Sr6,Sr8a,Sr9e, andLr13 in ‘W3762’;Sr5,Sr8a,Sr9b,Sr12,Sr24,Lr13, andLr24 in ‘W3760’;Sr2,Sr24,SrC,Lr13, andLr24 in ‘W3751’; andSr7a,Sr23,Sr36, andLr16 in ‘W3755’. GenesSr2,Sr9e, andSr24 also conferred adult plant resistance to the predominant pathotypes ofP. graminis tritici. GenesSr7a,Sr23, andSrC, when present alone, did not confer acceptable adult plant resistance, even though low seedling reactions were associated with them when tested with the same pathotypes. Genetic recombination betweenLr13 andSr9e was estimated at 12.5%±2.3%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186086
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of variability and relationships among components of partial resistance to leaf rust in CIMMYT bread wheats (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 674-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Puccinia recondita tritici ; Triticum aestivum ; Rust resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A study of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germ plasm developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) showed highly significant phenotypic variability for each component of partial resistance (namely, uredial appearance period, latency period, uredial number and uredial size) to Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici. All of the wheat genotypes displayed longer uredial appearance and latency periods and decreased uredial number and uredial size when compared to the susceptible check cultivar ‘Morocco’. Positive correlations between uredial appearance period and latency period, and uredial number and uredial size, and negative correlations between uredial appearance and latency periods and uredial number and uredial size, inclusive, suggested that the components of partial resistance were either tightly linked or under pleiotropic genetic control. Compared to ‘Morocco’, all entries had slow disease progress in the field and variation occurred in the germ plasm for the area under the leaf rust progress curve. Disease progress was negatively correlated with uredial appearance and latency periods, whereas a positive correlation was observed with uredial number and uredial size. Certain genotypes displayed high levels of partial resistance resulting in low disease incidence in the field.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227310
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of bcl-2 on antibody productivity in high cell density perfusion cultures of hybridoma (1999)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 30 (1999), S. 95-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Schlagwort(e): apoptosis ; Bcl-2 ; fixed-bed ; hollow fibre ; hybridoma ; perfusion ; protein-free medium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Apoptosis is an active, genetically determined death mechanism which can be induced by a wide range of physiological factors and by mild stress. It is the predominant form of cell death during the production of antibodies from murine hybridoma cell lines. A number of studies have now demonstrated that the suppression of this death pathway, by means of over-expression of survival genes such as bcl-2, results in improved cellular robustness and antibody productivity during batch culture. In the present study, the influence of bcl-2 expression on hybridoma productivity in two high density perfusion bioreactor systems was investigated. In the first system, a fixed-bed reactor, the DNA content in the spent medium was 25% higher in the control (TB/C3-pEF) culture than that found in the bcl-2 transfected (TB/C3-bcl2) cultures at all perfusion rates. This is indicative of a higher level of cell death in the control cell line. The average antibody concentration for the TB/C3-pEF cell line was 14.9 mg L-1 at perfusion rates of 2.6 and 5.2 d-1. However, for the TB/C3-bcl2 cell line it was 33 mg L-1 at dilution rates of 2 and 4 d-1. A substantial increase in antibody concentration was also found in the Integra Tecnomouse hollow fibre reactor. The antibody titre in the TB/C3-bcl2 cassette was nearly 100% higher than that in the TB/C3-pEF cassette during the cultivation period which lasted 6 weeks. Clearly, these results demonstrate the positive impact of bcl-2 over-expression on production of antibody in hybridoma perfusion cultures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008055702079
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variable functions of bcl-2 in mediating bioreactor stress- induced apoptosis in hybridoma cells (1998)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 28 (1998), S. 177-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Schlagwort(e): apoptosis ; bcl-2 ; cell death ; hybridoma ; osmolarity ; pH ; shear ; stress
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract It has been demonstrated that the cell lines used for production of biopharmaceuticals are highly susceptible to apoptosis, and that over-expression of the bcl-2 oncogene can protect cells from death. Stress associated with the deprivation of nutrients has been shown to be the main cause of apoptosis in culture. We have extended these studies by investigating the mechanism of cell death under conditions of sub-optimal pH, shear stress and hyperosmolarity, and the protective action of bcl-2 over-expression. At pH 6, there was no clear evidence of protection from cell death. However, at pH 8, the viability of the bcl-2 transfected cells was about 20% higher relative to the control cells. Cultivation of control cells in a flat bottomed bioreactor with a magnetic stirrer bar without a pivot ring resulted in exposure of the cells to a high attrition effect. As a result, cell growth was retarded and a high level of cell death by apoptosis was observed. Under the same conditions, the bcl-2 transfected cell line exhibited a nearly five fold increase in viable cell number. This finding indicates that under apoptosis-suppressed conditions, shear stress can stimulate cell growth. Batch cultivation of both control and bcl-2 transfected cells in 350 and 400 mOsm media resulted in suppression of cell growth, athough the effect was most marked in the control cell line. Adaptation of control cells to 400 mOsm proved to be impossible to achieve. However, the bcl-2 transfected cells exhibited resistance to the osmotic stress resulting in long term adaptation to a high salt environment. Specific productivity of bcl-2 transfected cells grown in high osmolarity medium was 100% higher than that produced by non- adapted bcl-2 transfected cells grown in normal osmolarity medium. These results demonstrate that bcl-2 has a beneficial effect on hybridoma cultivation under a wide range of culture stresses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008002319400
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics of resistance to Puccinia graminis tritici and Puccinia recondita tritici in Kenya Plume wheat (1986)
    Springer
    Euphytica 35 (1986), S. 245-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia graminis tritici ; stem rust ; Puccinia recondita tritici ; leaf rust ; rust resistance ; seedling resistance ; adult-plant resistance ; genetic linkage
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Seven genes, viz. Sr5, Sr6, Sr7a, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr12 and Sr17 were associated with seedling resistance to Puccinia graminis tritici in Kenya Plume wheat. The predominant field cultures were avirulent on seedlings with Sr7a, but possessed virulence for the other six genes. However, Sr7a did not confer adult-plant resistance when present on its own. Adult-plant resistance was attributed to Sr2 and possibly also to the interaction of Sr7a and Sr12. Two genes, Lr13 and Lr14a, were identified in seedling tests with various cultures of Puccinia recondita tritici. Lr13 conferred adult-plant resistance to the predominant field strains. Genetic recombination between Lr13 and Sr9b was estimated at 17.6±3.1%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028563
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genes conferring low seedling reaction to Mexican pathotypes of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, and adult-plant responses of recent wheat cultivars from the former USSR (1995)
    Springer
    Euphytica 81 (1995), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia recondita tritici ; leaf rust ; rust resistance ; partial resistance ; slow rusting ; durable resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Fifty-five spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, mostly released between 1975 and 1991 in eight leaf rust-prone spring wheat growing regions of the former USSR, were tested in the seedling growth stage for reaction to 15 Mexican pathotypes of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici. In total, seven known and at least two unknown genes were identified, either singly or in combinations: Lr3 (7 cultivars), Lr10 (14), Lr13 (5), Lr14a (1), Lr16 (1), Lr23 (3); the unknown genes were identified in 14 cultivars. The first unknown gene could be either Lr9, Lr19, or Lr25; however, the second unknown gene in 9 cultivars was different from any named gene. Twelve of the 15 pathotypes are virulent for this gene, hence its use in breeding for resistance will be limited. The cultivars were also evaluated at two field locations in Mexico with two pathotypes in separate experiments. The area under the disease progress curve and the final disease rating of the cultivars indicated genetic diversity for genes conferring adult plant resistance. based on the symptoms of the leaf tip necrosis in adult plants, resistance gene Lr34 could be present in at least 20 cultivars. More than half of the cultivars carry high to moderate levels of adult plant resistance and were distributed in each region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025611
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genes for leaf rust resistance in Indian and Pakistani wheats tested with Mexican pathotypes of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 57 (1991), S. 27-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia recondita tritici ; leaf rust ; rust resistance ; slow rusting
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Genes conferring low seedling reaction to Mexican pathotypes of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici in 71 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars from India and Pakistan were postulated. In total, 9 known and one unknown genes were identified, either singly or in combination: Lr1 (in 20 cultivars), Lr3 (5), Lr10 (21), Lr11 (1), Lr13 (43), Lr17 (5), Lr23 (14), Lr26 (2), Lr27 + Lr31 (2), and the unknown gene in 2 cultivars. Additional temperature-sensitive seedling resistance appeared to occur in 27 cultivars. This resistance in at least 15 cultivars appeared to be due to Lr34. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for these 27 cultivars indicated variable levels of adult plant resistance. Several other cultivars with high seedling infection types to one or more of the predominant field pathotypes were also partially resistant in the field. High levels of adult plant resistance occurred in some cultivars even in the absence of known seedling resistance genes with major effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040475
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Associations and genetics of three components of slow rusting in leaf rust of wheat (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 68 (1993), S. 99-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): wheat ; Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici ; Triticum aestivum ; slow rusting resistance ; leaf rust ; brown rust ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Forty F6 lines, the two parental lines, and a susceptible check cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were inoculated in the young flag leaf stage with leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici) and evaluated for latent period, receptivity, and uredinium size in a greenhouse experiment. Genotypic (rg) and phenotypic (rp) correlations between latent period and uredinium size were −0.81 and −0.62, respectively. A negative correlation (rg=−0.50, rp=−0.41) was found between latent period and receptivity and a positive correlation (rg=0.28, rp=0.26) between uredinium size and receptivity was found. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and final rust severity (FRS) obtained from a subsequent field study with common entries were negatively correlated with latent period and positively correlated with uredinium size. Correlations of receptivity with both AUDPC and FRS were not significant. The distributions of F6 family mean uredinia size and latent period were continuous between slow rusting and fast rusting parents: however, the distribution for receptivity was discrete. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were 63%, 57%, and 47% for uredinium size, latent period, and receptivity, respectively. Estimates of the minimum number of effective factors were three for latent period and three or four for the uredinium size and receptivity. The components are controlled by closely linked genes or due to pleotropic effects of the same gene.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024159
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cell death in bioreactors: A role for apoptosis (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 720-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): cell death ; apoptosis ; hybridoma cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The incidence of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was compared in CHO, SF9 insect cells and murine plasmacytoma (J558L) and hybridoma (TB/C3) cells during in vitro cultivation in batch cultures. Acridine orange staining and fluorescence microscopy enabled the visualization of a classic morphological feature of apoptotic cell, the presence of condensed and/or fragmented chromatin. DNA gel electrophoresis was employed to show an additional characteristic of the process, the endonuclease-mediated fragmentation of DNA into multiples of 180 base pairs. The levels of apoptosis at the end of batch cultures of plasmacytoma and hybridoma cell lines were found to be 60% and 90% of total dead cells, respectively. However, employing the above-mentioned techniques, the biochemical and morphological features of apoptosis were not found in CHO and SF9 insect cells. Some factors affecting the induction of apoptosis during the batch culture of the hybridoma and plasmacytoma cell lines were identified. The most effective inducer was found to be glutamine limitation, followed by (in order of importance) serum limitation, glucose limitation, and ammonia toxicity. Blockage of the cell cycle of the plasmacytoma and hybridoma cells using thymidine resulted in the induction of apoptosis. This has important implications for the development of cell culture processes that minimize cell division and thereby increase specific productivity. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440608
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