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  • 35.20.Vf  (7)
  • Renal transplantation  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of growth hormone in short children after renal transplantation (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 12 (1998), S. 437-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Human recombinant growth hormone ; Renal transplantation ; Rejection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. From 1991 to 1993, 90 children having received a kidney graft with a post-transplantation period of at least 12 months were included in a prospective study carried out in 18 French pediatric centers. After informed consent and randomization, children received recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (Genotonorm, Pharmacia peptide hormones) 30 U/m2 per week, either immediately on enrollment, for the treated group, or after 1 year of follow-up for the group serving as a control. After 1 year both groups were treated and we analyzed data during the subsequent years. Eighty-five children completed the 1-year study. Growth velocity was significantly increased by rhGH: 7.7 cm with a gain of +0.3 standard deviation score in the treated group versus 4.6 cm in the control group (P〈0.0001) during the 1st year. Four factors predicted response to therapy: growth velocity prior to GH therapy, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the start, mode of corticosteroid administration, and degree of insulin resistance. After 1 year we observed a moderate, significant decrease in GFR in both groups. Biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes were not significantly more frequent during the 1st year in the group of patients who received rhGH: 9 in 44 versus 4 in 46 patients. The patients who rejected did not differ in terms of age, renal function at the start, and type of immunosuppression, but history of rejection before GH treatment was discriminatory: 6 of 17 children with two or more episodes had a new rejection versus 1 of 22 who had no or only one episode (P=0.01). Glucose tolerance was not modified after 1 year of GH therapy. During the subsequent years of treatment a decrease in growth velocity was noted: 5.9 cm at 2 years, 5.5 at 3 years, and 5.2 cm at 4 years. In conclusion, GH is efficient for improving growth velocity in short transplanted children, inducing clear-cut but limited catch-up growth. The risk of rejection was shown only in patients with a prior history of more than one rejection episode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050483
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pretransplant blood transfusions with cyclosporine in pediatric renal transplantation (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 14 (2000), S. 451-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Blood transfusion ; Cyclosporine ; Renal transplantation ; Cytotoxic antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Pretransplant transfusions were repeatedly shown to be associated with improved graft survival in the ”pre-cyclosporine era,” and have recently been shown to be beneficial in patients on modern immunosuppressive regimes. In an attempt to improve this transfusion effect and minimize the potential development of cytotoxic antibodies, we have given these transfusions, with concomitant cyclosporine cover, prior to transplantation. Ninety-two renal transplantations were performed in 91 children in the study group (group 1) and all received pretransplant transfusions with cyclosporine cover. Results were compared with a preceding group of 102 children (104 transplantations) who had received pretransplant transfusions without cyclosporine cover (group 2). There were 70 cadaver and 22 living-related donor (LRD) transplants in group 1, and 88 cadaver and 16 LRD transplants in group 2. Graft survival rates (1- and 5-year) for cadaver transplantation were 96% and 90% in group 1 compared with 78% and 64% in group 2 (P=0.001). For LRD transplantation, these figures were 95% and 87% in group 1 and 81% and 69% in group 2. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of age at transplantation, sex, donor age, HLA-A, -B, -DR mismatches, or cold and warm ischemia times. All cadaver graft recipients received quadruple, sequential immunosuppression post transplant. However, 9 patients in group 1 were changed to tacrolimus for recurrent rejection episodes. No patient developed persistent lymphocytotoxic antibodies post transfusion or side effects of cyclosporine. Cyclosporine can be safely given with whole blood prior to transplantation with no adverse effect and no sensitization. Graft survival was significantly improved in this group of patients and graft loss due to rejection was exceptional. This effect should be further evaluated in prospective studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050791
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth after renal transplantation: Correlation with immunosuppressive therapy (1991)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 5 (1991), S. 143-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Renal transplantation ; Growth ; Immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The growth data for children transplanted between 1973 and 1987 were analysed according to their immunosuppressive regimen. All patients treated before 1985 received conventional treatment (prednisone, azathioprine); 37% of the prepubertal children with a follow-up of longer than 2 years showed catch-up growth, and 30% of the pubertal children exhibited a normal adolescent growth spurt. Reduced renal function and corticosteroid treatment are the two main causes of growth delay. The children transplanted between January 1985 and September 1987 were given either triple therapy [cyclosporine (CsA), prednisone, azathioprine] or conventional treatment after randomisation. Growth data were significantly better with CsA. The mean height gain for prepubertal children was +0.24 SD/year on triple therapy and +0.14 SD/year on conventional therapy during the 1st year after transplantation; and 0.4 SD/year and 0 SD/year during the 2nd year (P〈0.05). The mean height gain for pubertal children was 5.6 cm/year on triple therapy and 3.6 cm/year on conventional therapy (P〈0.005). The patients on triple therapy also received a significantly lower cumulative dose of prednisone. Some selected patients on triple therapy were taken off prednisone 12 months after transplantation. All patients showed catch-up growth (+0.83 SD/year in prepubertal children, 7.2 cm/year in pubertal children). In conclusion, protocols including CsA and the lowest cumulative dose of steroid (with alternate-day or even steroid withdrawal) allow the best restoration of growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00852872
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetes mellitus in patients with infantile cystinosis after renal transplantation (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 13 (1999), S. 524-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Infantile cystinosis ; Renal transplantation ; Diabetes mellitus ; Impaired glucose tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Diabetes mellitus is a frequent long-term complication of infantile nephropathic cystinosis. We studied 44 cystinotic patients, aged 22.1±5.4 years, transplanted at a mean age of 11.3±2.5 years; 25% were treated with insulin at 20 years of age or 10 years after transplantation, and over half required insulin at latest follow-up. In comparison, diabetes mellitus occurred in only 1% of non-cystinotic transplanted patients. Sequential oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in these patients showed the progressive deterioration of glucose metabolism. All but 2 patients had an abnormal response at latest follow-up. The high doses of corticosteroid given after transplantation or during rejection episodes were responsible for transient insulin dependency. However, the development of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus depended mainly on the cystinotic process, which developed slowly with time. The deterioration of glucose tolerance was correlated with a decreased early phase of insulin secretion, estimated from the plasma insulin level at 30 min of the OGTT, while there was no evidence of insulin resistance. The occurrence of diabetes mellitus correlated with a worsening of the vital prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050651
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental studies on selenium cluster structures (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 352-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: .64.70.Fx ; 36.40.+d ; 35.20.Vf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we report properties of selenium clusters produced by vapor condensation technique. Impact electronic ionization is performed on clusters in the size range from 2 to 36 atoms. The measured ionization potentials exhibit small oscillation corresponding to the wiggles observed on the mass distribution. An attempt to connect these experimental observations with the geometrical structure of the molecules is made in the discussion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429192
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shell effects in photoionization spectra of heavy trivalent metal clusters (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 137-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40.+d ; 35.20.Vf ; 33.80.Eh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser photoionization experiments have been performed on a large size range of indium and thallium clusters. The metal clusters were produced by laser vaporization technique and analyzed after laser ionization by standard time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For the indium clusters, individual ionization potentials (IP) are deduced for N≤132. Abrupt decreases in the IP values are observed, which correspond to the openings of new electronic shell as predicted by the spherical jellium model. For larger indium clusters, the unresolved mass spectra present small but reproducible oscillations. Interpretations in terms of either electronic shell structure or cluster geometry remain undecided for the moment. Our results on thallium clusters are less abundant and only qualitative. Nevertheless, they show that thallium behaves more like a monovalent element than like a trivalent one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01425643
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaporation of tetramers in Sb4n clusters and conditions for the formation of Sb2n+1 clusters (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 12 (1989), S. 217-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.20.Vf ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Antimony clusters are produced by the inert gas condensation technique. They are found to be built from Sb4 units. The fragmentation by evaporation of Sb4 units is studied as a function of the excess energy in the cluster. By this way the binding energy of the Sb4 units in the cluster is found to be about 1.5 eV, well below the binding energy of a Sb atom in the bulk and in Sb4(≃3eV). The evolution of ionization potentials of Sb4n clusters confirms that their structure is probably non metallic. Finally the possible metastable character of this Sb4n structure is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426941
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic and chemical properties of indium clusters (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 12 (1989), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.20.Vf ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Indium clusters are produced by the inert gas condensation technique. The ionization potentials are found higher for small clusters than for the Indium atom. This is explained by thep character of the bonding as in Aluminium. Doubly charge clusters are also observed and fragmentation processes discussed. Finally small Indium clusters 3〈n〈9 are found very reactive with hydrocarbon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426984
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of small rare earth clusters (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 19 (1991), S. 191-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.20.Vf ; 36.40. +d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Rare earth clusters are produced by the inert gas condensation technique. The observed size distribution shows large peaks atn=13, 19, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 37, 39, 45, ... The beginning of this sequence (up to 34) has been already observed in argon clusters and recently by our group in barium clusters; this sequence may be interpreted in terms of icosahedral structures corresponding to the addition of caps on a core icosahedron of 13 atoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01448289
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between selenium and tellurium clusters (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 19 (1991), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.20.Vf ; 36.40. +d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Selenium and tellurium clusters are produced by the inert gas condensation technique. The mass spectra of both species are completely different and reveal different properties. In selenium, a periodicity of 6–7 is observed and may be interpreted by the binding energy between small cyclic molecules. Moreover, it was very difficult to obtained large clusters probably because the binding energy between these molecules is very small. In tellurium, these periodic structures do not exist and large clusters are easily obtained in nucleation conditions where only small selenium clusters are present. These results are discussed and a simple nucleation model is used to illustrate this different behavior. Finally these clusters properties are correlated to the bulk structure of both materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01448301
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