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  • Bemisia tabaci  (5)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (5)
  • Salmonella  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in biological characteristics and esterase patterns among populations of Bemisia tabaci, and the association of one population with silverleaf symptom induction (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 61 (1991), S. 211-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Insecta ; Bemisia tabaci ; whitefly ; oviposition ; survival ; squash silverleaf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Biological characteristics (oviposition and survival rates) and esterase banding patterns in native PAGE were investigated to evaluate variation among three populations of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Reproductive capabilities of whiteflies from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) populations were similar on the three host plant species tested. These populations, which had the same wild-type field origin, reproduced better on either cotton and pumpkin than on poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willdenow). In contrast, poinsettia whiteflies exhibited relatively similar reproductive capabilities for the three host species tested. Pumpkin and cotton whiteflies had similar esterase banding patterns (‘A’ type), while poinsettia whiteflies yielded a different banding pattern (‘B’ type). In transmission studies, whiteflies from cotton or pumpkin sources did not induce silverleaf (SSL) or white stem (WS) symptoms in Cucurbita spp. tested. In contrast, poinsettia whiteflies were associated routinely with SSL and WS symptoms in Cucurbita spp. following colonization by whitefly adults. From these data, it was possible to correlate a specific esterase banding pattern (A or B) with reproductive capabilities and the ability to induce SSL and WS symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187724
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The status ofBemisia tabaci (Hom.: Aleyrodidae),Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) and their natural enemies in Crete (1993)
    Springer
    BioControl 38 (1993), S. 405-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Bemisia tabaci ; Crete ; natural enemies ; Trialeurodes vaporariorum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) a été signalé pour la première fois en Crète en 1992. L'aleurode est confiné au sud-est de l'île.Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) est l'aleurode prédominant au nord et à l'ouest de l'île. Trois prospections pour les ennemis naturels deB. tabaci ont été faites en Crète en 1992 et 1993. Ces prospections ont eu pour résultat la collecte de 4 espèces d'Encarsia, unEretmocerus sp. et un champignon pathogène,Paecilomyces farinosus (Holm Ex X. F. Gray) Brown & Smith.B. tabaci etT. vaporariorum ont été trouvés sur les cultures maraîchères, plantes ornementales et mauvaises herbes. Partout dans l'île, les populations des deux espèces ont été sévèrement réduites sur les plantes hôtes à l'extérieur pendant l'hiver 1992/93. Les contraintes climatiques, la concurrence avecT. vaporariorum pour les niches, et des ennemis naturels efficaces, peuvent expliquer la dispersion limitée deB. tabaci en Crète.
    Notes: Abstract The non «B» biotype ofBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is recorded for the first time in Crete in 1992, in the north east and south east of the island.Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) is the predominant whitefly on plants in the north and west of the island. Three surveys of Crete were made in 1992 and 1993 for natural enemies ofB. tabaci andT. vaporariorum and resulted in the collection of 4 species ofEncarsia, (plus a number of species that are unidentifiable at this time), anEretmocerus sp. (unidentifiable at this time) and a fungal pathogen,Paecilomyces farinosus (Dickson Ex Fries) Brown & Smith.Encarsia adrianae was identified fromT. vaporariorum; which constitutes its most westerly distribution point and a new host record respectively.B. tabaci andT. vaporariorum were found on horticultural crops, ornamentals and weeds. Populations of both whitefly species were severely depleted on field hosts throughout the island during the winter of 1992/93. Climatic constraints, competition withT. vaporariorum in otherwise suitable niches, effective natural enemies and an observed low level of polyphagy may explain the present limited distribution of the non «B» biotype ofB. tabaci in Crete.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374458
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Salmonella Dublin and Salmonella Typhimurium (Copenhagen) Isolates from Cattle (1997)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 21 (1997), S. 409-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: aerobactin ; antibiotic ; capsule ; cattle ; colicin ; haemolysin ; plasmid ; Salmonella ; spvC gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brackelsberg, C.A., Nolan, L.K. and Brown, J., 1997. Characterization of Salmonella dublin and Salmonella typhimurium (Copenhagen) isolates from cattle. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (6), 409-420 Eight Salmonella typhimurium (Copenhagen) and eight Salmonella dublin isolates from cattle were compared by their antibiotic resistance patterns, by their production of colicin, aerobactin, haemolysin and capsule, by their possession of transmissible R plasmids and the spvC gene, and by their ability to invade and replicate within cultured epithelial cells. The two groups differed in their antibiotic resistance profiles, with more of the host-adapted S. dublin isolates resistant to tetracycline than were the non-host-adapted S. typhimurium (Copenhagen) group, but more of the S. typhimurium (Copenhagen) isolates resistant to the other antibiotics tested. None of the isolates produced colicin, but all produced aerobactin. One isolate in each group was encapsulated. All of the S. typhimurium (Copenhagen) and S. dublin isolates contained plasmids, and all of them contained the spvC-homologous sequences. Four of the S. typhimurium (Copenhagen) isolates were able to transfer an R plasmid to a recipient organism by conjugation. One of the five S. dublin isolates, which showed resistance to some of the antibiotics tested, was able to transfer an R plasmid by conjugation. Both groups of isolates invaded cultured epithelial cells to a similar degree after 1 h, but the S. dublin isolates reached significantly higher levels within the cells than did S. typhimurium (Copenhagen) after 9 h. This ability may, in part, explain the association of S. dublin with more severe forms of salmonellosis and prolonged carrier states. Further study of the intracellular growth of these isolates seems warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005803301827
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of invA, pagC and spvC genes amongSalmonella isolates from animals (1995)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 19 (1995), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: diagnosis ; gene ; invA ; pagC ; Salmonella ; spvC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract New molecular diagnostic techniques often rely on hybridization or amplification of specific DNA regions to detect pathogenic bacteria. The choice of genes to be used as probes or as the targets of amplification techniques is critical to the success of these procedures. The genes so used might best be those associated with virulent isolates and having a wide distribution among such isolates. In this study three genes,invA, pagC andspvC, thought to be associated with the virulence of salmonellae, were labelled and used to probe the total DNA from 103Salmonella isolates from animals in an attempt to determine whether these genes might be useful in diagnostic procedures.pagC was detected in 99% of theSalmonella tested, andinvA was detected in 94.2% of the isolates. BothpagC andinvA were detected with a significantly higher frequency thanspvC in isolates from chickens and swine, but no significant difference in detection of these three genes occurred when bovine isolates were examined. Failure to detect any of these genes occurred in only one isolate. Isolates from apparently healthy or from clinically ill chickens and swine could not be distinguished by detecting these three genes. The genes were not detected in the non-Salmonella strains tested. These results suggest that, of these three genes,pagC may be the best choice for use as a probe or polymerase chain reaction target in future detection protocols.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01839295
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and distribution of esterase electromorphs in the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 33 (1995), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Bemisia tabaci ; Bemisia argentifolii ; cotton whitefly ; squash silverleaf disorder ; sweetpotato whitefly ; tobacco whitefly ; virus vector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Esterase profiles were examined for over 40 populations of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci, obtained from native and cultivated plant hosts worldwide. Twelve unique electromorphs were identified from distinct populations concentrated largely in Central America, Africa, and India. One electromorph, type B, has recently been proposed as a separate species,Bemisia argentifolii, and has recently spread throughout much of the world. When considered with evidence from mating studies and the ability to induce phytotoxic disorders (squash silverleaf disorder), our data suggest that the single taxonBemisia tabaci may actually represent a species complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553619
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and distribution of esterase electromorphs in the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 33 (1995), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Bemisia tabaci ; Bemisia argentifolii ; cotton whitefly ; squash silverleaf disorder ; sweetpotato whitefly ; tobacco whitefly ; virus vector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Esterase profiles were examined for over 40 populations of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci, obtained from native and cultivated plant hosts worldwide. Twelve unique electromorphs were identified from distinct populations concentrated largely in Central America, Africa, and India. One electromorph, type B, has recently been proposed as a separate species,Bemisia argentifolii, and has recently spread throughout much of the world. When considered with evidence from mating studies and the ability to induce phytotoxic disorders (squash silverleaf disorder), our data suggest that the single taxonBemisia tabaci may actually represent a species complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02401851
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and characterization ofSalmonella typhimurium from a dairy herd in North Dakota (1995)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 19 (1995), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: antibiotic resistance ; cattle ; delayed secondary enrichment ; detection ; faeces ; primary enrichment ; Salmonella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nasal secretions, faecal samples and buffy coats were obtained from 102 cattle from a North Dakota dairy herd with a history of calf scours. Treated buffy coats, faecal samples and nasal secretions were inoculated into tetrathionate broth (TB), incubated at 37°C overnight, and plated onto brilliant green agar medium with novobiocin (BGAN). The TB was left at room temperature for 5 days and then used to inoculate fresh TB. The fresh TB was incubated at 37°C over night and plated onto BGAN medium. All the plates were incubated at 37°C over night and observed forSalmonella-like growth. Suspect colonies were further tested andSalmonella isolates were serotyped by the National Veterinary Services laboratory. Twenty-two of the 36 calves sampled harbouredS. typhimurium in their faeces, but no samples from cows were positive. NoSalmonella were isolated from the buffy coats, but 4 calves were shown to haveSalmonella in their nasal secretions. Extended enrichment of the faecal cultures in TB resulted in a significant increase inSalmonella isolations, although 2 samples were positive following the initial enrichment period and not after secondary enrichment. The typicalSalmonella isolate detected from this herd contained a transmissible R-plasmid encoding resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, sulphisoxazole and ampicillin. This study confirmed that delayed secondary enrichment in TB is superior to primary enrichment for detection ofSalmonella from cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01839246
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on preadipocytes and their distribution patterns in rat adipose tissue (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 168 (1981), S. 281-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Microscopic examination of adipocytes isolated from adult rat epididymal adipose tissue revealed numerous small cells (〈 10 μm) morphologically similar to larger adipocytes. These small adipocytes appear identical to a new classification of adipose cells termed preadipocytes. Electron micrographs of these preadipocytes revealed examples of cells 〈 10 μm in diameter in various stages of maturation and lipid accumulation. The percent distribution pattern of these small adipocytes was not significantly altered by exercise although exercise shifted the distribution patterns of the larger cells (〉 30 μm) toward a smaller mean cell size. The quantitative significance of preadipocytes is not established but these preliminary observations indicate that adipocytes 〈 10 μm in diameter may account for a numerically greater proportion of the total adipocytes observed in collagenase isolated preparations than heretofore recognized, although their contribution to total adipose mass is probably negligible.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051680304
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological variation inBemisia endosymbionts (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 189 (1995), S. 194-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Bemisia tabaci ; Bemisia argentifolii ; Endosymbionts ; Microorganism ; Symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the endosymbionts of several populations of whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Consistent differences in morphology and relative number of endosymbionts were observed between species and biotypes of whitefly within the Bemisia taxon.Bemisia argentifolii (=B. tabaci B biotype) individuals from Hawaii, Florida, and Arizona contained two morphological types of microorganisms housed within the mycetocyte cells of immature whiteflies. In contrast, individuals from populations ofB. tabaci A biotype from Arizona and Mexico, andB. tabaci Jatropha biotype from Puerto Rico, consistently contained three distinct morphological types of microorganisms within their mycetocytes. Organisms fromB. tabaci A and Jatropha biotypes differed from each other in the relative frequency of each type of microorganism. These observations suggest that different whitefly biotypes may have variable combinations of micro-fauna, with some possibly unique to each group, and furthers the hypothesis that variation in whitefly endosymbionts may be associated with the development of biotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280174
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal microvasculature of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri: Scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts of glomeruli (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 213 (1985), S. 505-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts of blood vessels permits detailed and accurate study of the microcirculation. The present study examined the renal microvasculature of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. The conventional picture of a glomerulus with one afferent arteriole was common, but glomeruli were often supplied by two afferent arterioles. In the majority of these, the intrarenal artery gave rise to a single afferent arteriole that branched to form two smaller vessels before reaching the glomerulus. Glomeruli with two afferent arterioles that arose independently from the intrarenal artery also occurred. The majority of glomeruli had a single efferent arteriole, but a proportion of glomeruli had two efferent arterioles. Efferent arterioles were smaller in diameter than the afferent arterioles. The glomerular capillaries were arranged in lobules, with few anastomoses between lobules, so that, for glomeruli with two afferent or two efferent arterioles, vascular perfusion and thus filtration within discrete lobules is probable.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092130405
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