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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable neuroleptic drugs: clinical implications (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 433-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Schizophrenia ; Neuroleptics ; Pharmacokinetics ; Long-acting neuroleptics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The authors review the literature regarding the pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable neuroleptic drugs (LINS). There are important differences between LINS and oral neurolepties that affect their pharmacokinetics. By avoiding first pass metabolism in gut and liver, LINS result in lower circulating concentrations of metabolites than are found after oral administration. In addition, LINS take more time to reach a stable steady state than their oral counterparts. The clinical significance of these pharmacokinetic properties is discussed. The authors recommend that when patients are being changed from oral neuroleptics to LINS, that this conversion be done gradually over several months.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441937
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fluphenazine plasma levels in patients receiving low and conventional doses of fluphenazine decanoate (1986)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 88 (1986), S. 480-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Schizophrenia ; Neuroleptic ; Fluphenazine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Plasma fluphenazine concentrations (FLU) were measured in 45 patients with schizophrenic disorders who participated in a double-blind comparison of 5 and 25 mg fluphenazine decanoate (FD). The rise in plasma level of FLU 24 h after a “test dose” was significantly correlated with steady state FLU concentration at 12 weeks (for 5 mg patients, r=0.45, P=0.04; for 25 mg, r=0.78, P=0.005). Patients who had low FLU at baseline required nearly 6 months to reach a steady state when they received 25 mg. Patients who received 5 mg and had low FLU at baseline continued to demonstrate relatively low plasma levels for the entire 1st year. Although the mean FLU at 6 months was lower for patients who relapsed during the subsequent 18 months (0.57 ng/ml for relapsers vs 1.01 ng/ml for nonrelapsers), this difference was not statistically significant. When plasma levels from both dosage groups were combined, FLU at 12 weeks correlated significantly with factor scores for akinesia (r=0.52, P=0.002) and BPRS cluster scores for retardation (r=0.52, P=0.002). These results indicate that the measurement of fluphenazine plasma levels may be useful in determining when patients treated with FD are receiving drug doses which are likely to cause discomforting side effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178510
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The sulfoxidation of fluphenazine in schizophrenic patients maintained on fluphenazine decanoate (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 93 (1987), S. 369-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Schizophrenia ; Fluphenazine decanoate ; Metabolic sulfoxidation ; Fluphenazine sulfoxide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Highly sensitive radioimmunoassays were applied to study the sulfoxidation of fluphenazine in 30 schizophrenic patients maintained on either 5 mg or 25 mg fluphenazine decanoate by intramuscular injection every 14 days over a period of 6 months. The presence of the sulfoxide metabolite was detected in all but one of the patients, such that 97% of the 340 plasma samples analysed contained the metabolite. Interpatient variations in plasma levels of fluphenazine, fluphenazine sulfoxide, and in drug to metabolite plasma level ratios were several fold higher than the corresponding intrapatient variations at both dosages. There were statistically significant tendencies for mean plasma fluphenazine levels to rise and mean plasma sulfoxide levels to fall over the 6-month period of study among patients on the high dose, consistent with our previously reported observation that it takes 3–6 months to establish a steady state of fluphenazine with this dosage regimen. By contrast, there were no statistically significant changes in mean plasma levels of either fluphenazine or its sulfoxide in patients on the low dose. Nevertheless, there was a significant rise in fluphenazine to fluphenazine sulfoxide mean plasma level ratios in both dosage groups. It is difficult to assess the significance of the changes in the drug to metabolite ratios with time, since there are no kinetic data on the phase II metabolism (conjugation) of fluphenazine or fluphenazine sulfoxide. This study shows that sulfoxidation is an important major pathway in the metabolism of intramuscularly-administered fluphenazine, and implies that metabolic sites other than gut wall are also involved in the process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187259
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Multiple denaturational transitions in fibrillar collagen (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 25 (1986), S. 1875-1893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The heat denaturation of pepsinized bovine nonfibrillar and fibrillar collagen was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. For fibrillar preparations that had been rapidly precipitated with stirring at low ionic strength, then resuspended at physiological ionic strength, multiple denaturational transitions were observed. At heating rates of 10°C/min, melting endotherms occurred at about 44, 50, 53, and 57°C. Fibrillar collagen that was slowly gelled without stirring at physiological ionic strength exhibited a similar series of endotherms, but the lower melting transitions were less conspicuous. In contrast, nonfibrillar bovine collagen in acidic solution showed only a single denaturational transition at 40°C. Nonfibrillar solutions at pH 7, to which inhibitors of fibrillogenesis were added, showed a major endotherm as high as 46°C. These results suggest that reconstituted fibrillar collagen contains a heterogeneous fibril population, possibly including molecules in a nonfibrillar state. It was proposed that the multiple melting endotherms of such preparations were due to sequential melting of molecular and fibril classes, each with a distinct melting temperature. The fibrillar classes may represent three or more types of banded and nonbanded species that differ from each other in packing order, collagen concentration, and possibly also in fibril width and level of cross-linking.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360251006
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of pH and temperature on cardioactive polypeptides from sea anemones: A 1H-nmr study (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 27 (1988), S. 1143-1157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The effects of pH and temperature on the 300-MHz 1H-nmr spectra of three cardioactive polypeptides from sea anemones, anthopleurin-A from Anthopleura xanthogrammica (AP-A) and Anemonia sulcata toxins I and II (ATX I and II), are described. AP-A and ATX II exhibit major spectral heterogeneity. Evidence from the pH and temperature studies and from high performance liquid chromatography indicates that this heterogeneity is conformational rather than chemical in origin. By contrast, purified isotoxins of ATX I show no evidence of conformational heterogeneity. The pKa values of most of the ionizable groups in these polypeptides are not strongly perturbed by interactions in the tertiary structure, with the exception of one of the Asp carboxylates, which has a pKa of ≲ 2 in AP-A and ATX II and 3.0 in ATX I. Protonation of this carboxylate, suggested to be Asp-9, leads to a conformational change in all three molecules. All three polypeptides are thermally stable, showing some conformational changes but not major unfolding at elevated temperatures.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360270708
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis and structure of Cp3U=CHPMe3: A compound with a U=C multiple bond (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 417-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Synthese und Struktur von Cp3U=CHPMe3: Eine Verbindung mit U=C-MehrfachbindungGrünes, kristallines Cp3U=CHPMe3 wurde durch Umsetzung von Cp3UCl mit Li[CH2]2PMe2 oder H2C=PMe3 dargestellt. Seine Kristallstruktur wurde durch Röntgenbeugungsanalyse an Einkristallen bestimmt. Der kurze U=CH-Abstand von 2.274(8) Å und der große Winkel U—C—P von 143.5(5)° deuten Uran-Kohlenstoff-Mehrfachbindungscharakter an. Die 1J (13C1H)-Kopplungskonstanten in den CH-Gruppen zwischen Uran und Phosphor von Cp3U=CHPMe3 (95 Hz), Cp3U=CHPMe2Ph (100 Hz) und Cp3U=CHPPh2Me (113 Hz) sind auffallend klein. Den Strukturdaten kann aber keine agostische UCHP-Wechselwirkung entnommen werden.
    Notizen: Green, crystalline Cp3U=CHPMe3 has been synthesized by the reaction of Cp3UCl with Li[CH2]2PMe2 or CH2=PMe3. Its crystal structure has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The short U=CH bond distance, 2.274(8) Å, and large U—C—P angle, 143.5(5)°, indicate uranium-carbon multiple bond character. The 1J(13C1H) coupling constants within the CH group between uranium and phosphorus in Cp3U=CHPPh2Me (95 Hz), Cp3U=CHPMe2Ph (100 Hz), and Cp3U=CHPPh2Me (113 Hz) are surprisingly small, but no agostic interaction UCHP can be derived from the structural data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19881210306
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of dielectric cure models for an epoxy-amine resin system (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The parallel-plate test fixture on a Rheometrics viscometer was electrically isolated so that the rheological and dielectric properties of a thermoset polymer system could be simultaneously measured. This enabled the relationship between the dielectric properties and the rheological properties to be directly examined. A close relationship was established between the dielectric properties (dipole relaxation time and specific conductivity) and the pre-gelation bulk viscosity. This relationship suggested that models similar in form to those used to describe the change in viscosity might be used to describe the changing dielectric properties. The limitations and advantages of two such models, which attempt to describe the time-temperature behavior of the dielectric properties, were then tested for use with a typical aerospace epoxy resin system.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290513
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two-Dimensional thermal analysis of resistance welded thermoplastic composites (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 1722-1729 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: A transient two-dimensional thermal model for resistance welding of thermoplastic composites is presented. A parametric study is conducted that yields insight into the welding process enabling some critical process and material parameters to be identified. Time to melt is predicted by the model and is successfully compared to experimental observations. Local heating and meltthrough can also be explained by the transient thermal model in agreement with experimental observations. Mode I fracture toughness of unidirectional graphite reinforced poly(etheretherketone) resistance welded double cantilever beam specimens are conducted under various process conditions. Experimental results indicate that under optimum process conditions, the interlaminar fracture toughness of the bulk compression-molded thermoplastic composite material can be achieved using resistance heating as a joining technique.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760292314
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dielectric studies of the cure of epoxy matrix systems (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31 (1986), S. 1155-1167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Dielectric spectroscopy was used to monitor the curing process of two epoxy resin systems. The basic system (system I) consisted of DGEBA (a difunctional epoxy) and a polyamide in a 50-phr mixture. In addition, a comparative analysis was performed on a high-performance resin system (system II) used primarily in unidirectional composite applications. This system contained TGDDM (a tetrafunctional epoxy) and DDS (a tetrafunctional amine) in a 25-phr mixture. The dielectric data were obtained using a simple yet functional sample cell electrode designed and constructed in the laboratory. For system I, isothermal dielectric data were used to determine apparent activation energies for the temperature range from 22 to 70°C. The data showed that the activation energy was a function of temperature and increased as the temperature of the cure increased. This indicated that the reaction mechanism was also a function of temperature. For system II, data were collected between 140 and 190°C and an overall activation energy for that temperature range was determined. The overall activation energies for both systems, calculated using dielectric spectroscopy, compared favorably to those obtained using differential scanning calorimetry. Also, using a wider frequency range (240 Hz to 2 MHz), Argand diagrams were constructed and modeled with the Cole-Cole empirical equation for systems with a distribution of relaxation times. This justified the calculation of average relaxation times, which could then be related to the bulk physical properties of the polymer, such as viscosity. Modified Argand diagrams, where ε″ is plotted against ε′ at one frequency as a function of time, were also constructed, which aided in the understanding of the curing processes for these thermosetting systems.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070310501
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The modification of polysulfone by metalation (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1988.140260211
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