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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An improved thioflavine S method for staining neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 8-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Senile plaques ; neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease ; thioflavine S
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Large differences are usually observed when standard staining methods for a number of pathological lesions in neurodegenerative disorders are compared. With the modified thioflavine S method presented here (easy and cheap to perform), the morphological appearance of the stained neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques (SP) is greatly improved. Furthermore, the intense contrast between stained lesions and background obtained with this technique permits an accurate automatic quantification of NFT and SP using a computer-assisted image analysis system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923594
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cellular distribution of the iron-binding protein lactotransferrin in the mesencephalon of Parkinson’s disease cases (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 566-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Ferritin ; Free radicals ; Oxidative stress ; Neurodegenerative disorders ; Transferrins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Changes in the distribution of the iron-binding protein lactotransferrin have recently been described in the central nervous system during a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. To investigate whether lactotransferrin is associated with the neuropathological changes that characterize Parkinson’s disease, we analyzed the distribution of this protein in the mesencephalon of neurologically normal individuals and patients affected with Parkinson’s disease using quantitative immunohistochemical methods. High levels of lactotransferrin were observed in a large population of neurons in the substantia nigra of control cases. Lactotransferrin-positive neurons were severely affected by the neurodegenerative process that occurs in Parkinson’s disease as indicated by a severe decrease in the number of immunolabeled neurons in all of these cases. Quantitative analysis also demonstrated higher immunolabeling levels of lactotransferrin in the surviving neurons in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area of Parkinson’s disease cases compared to control cases. These results suggest that lactotransferrin may participate actively in the mechanism of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050468
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neuropathological changes in the cerebral cortex of 1258 cases from a geriatric hospital: retrospective clinicopathological evaluation of a 10-year autopsy population (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 456-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Senile plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Dementia ; Neocortex ; Clinicopathological correlations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract To examine the neuropathological and clinical characteristics of cerebral aging, we evaluated retrospectively a non-selected autopsy population of 1258 patients from the Geriatric Hospital of the University of Geneva School of Medecine. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease increased with age below 90 years of age. In the nonagenarians and centenarians, there was a decline in the number of affected cases. The distribution with age of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques varied among the cortical areas studied. The CA1 field of the hippocampus and the inferior temporal cortex displayed increasing densities of neurofibrillary tangles with age, whereas the superior frontal and the occipital cortex were relatively spared, especially in patients in their tenth and eleventh decade. The percentage of cases presenting with senile plaques in the neocortex and hippocampal structure increased with age with a marked predominance of cases with moderate to high senile plaque densities. Neurofibrillary tangles were often observed in the CA1 field and the inferior temporal cortex of non-demented individuals and were present in most cases with Alzheimer's disease. Conversely, the involvement of the superior frontal and occipital cortex was moderate even in demented patients. The distribution of senile plaques was homogeneous in all of the neocortical areas independently of the clinical diagnosis. Moreover, there was no correlation between the presence of heurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the cerebral regions studied. These results indicate a differential topography of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, and suggest that overt clinical signs of Alzheimer's disease are linked to the progression of the neurodegenerative process in neocortical areas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294172
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hyperphosphorylated tau proteins differentiate corticobasal degeneration and Pick’s disease (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 351-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Cytoskeleton ; Microtubule-associated ; proteins ; Neurodegenerative disorders ; Protein ; phosphorylation ; Western blotting
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In neurodegenerative disorders, hyperphosphorylated tau proteins aggregate into abnormal filaments. In the present study, tau protein alterations were studied in one corticobasal degeneration and seven Pick’s disease cases using specific immunological probes. The typical lesions of corticobasal degeneration and Pick’s disease were revealed by immunohistochemistry, including the presence of Pick bodies and achromatic swollen neurons, neuritic alterations, and neurofibrillary tangles. Tau-immunoreactive glial tangles were also observed. By immunoblotting, the case of corticobasal degeneration was characterized by the tau profile previously reported to occur in progressive supranuclear palsy with an intense labeling of the two tau 64 and 69 bands, while tau 55 was not visualized. In Pick’s disease cases with Pick bodies and neurofibrillary tangles, a tau triplet similar to that encountered in Alzheimer’s disease (tau 55, 64 and 69) was detected. Furthermore, a particular tau profile was found in four Pick’s disease cases showing only Pick bodies and no neurofibrillary tangles. In these cases, tau 55 and 64 were strongly immunoreactive, whereas tau 69 was almost unlabeled. These differences are likely to be related to particular pools of tau isoforms present within the degenerating neurons. Since there is a great diversity of neurodegenerative disorders with substantial clinical and neuropathological overlap, the electrophoretic profile of tau proteins could represent a useful marker for the type of neurodegeneration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050436
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the cerebral cortex of nonagenarians and centenarians (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 602-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Senile plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Centenarians ; Immunohistochemistry ; Quantitative neuropathology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary To investigate the neuropathological differences between normal aging and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) in very old people and to see how they compare with a younger population of demented elderly people, we performed an immunohistochemical quantitative analysis of the topography of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in a series of 31 elderly patients aged from 96 to 102 years. According to the medical records, two groups were considered: 7 patients presenting with clinically documented SDAT and 24 patients with no or very mild cognitive impairment. The densities of senile plaques were comparable in both groups. Extensive neurofibrillary tangle formation was restricted to the CA1 hippocampal field of demented subjects, whereas the superior frontal cortex showed rare neurofibrillary tangles, independently of the clinical diagnosis. These results indicate an absence of direct correlation between the number of senile plaques and the clinical manifestation of SDAT. Furthermore, they suggest that the dementing process may involve different cortical structures in nonagenarians and centenarians than in younger demented individuals where a widespread cortical involvement is generally observed. Thus, the neurofibrillary tangle density in the CA1 field may be critical for the neuropathological diagnosis of SDAT in this particular group of very old patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334669
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparative study of histological and immunohistochemical methods for neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1992), S. 170-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Senile plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease ; Thioflavine S ; Amyloid β-protein
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Several studies have demonstrated that the accurate visualization and quantification of pathological lesions in neurodegenerative disorders depend on the reliability of staining methods. In an attempt to gain a better assessment of the density and distribution of the neuropathological markers of Alzheimer's disease, we compared the staining efficiency of a modified thioflavine S protocol for neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques (SP) to different argentic impregnation techniques (Bielchowsky, Gallyas, Globus, Campbell-Switzer-Martin) and to immunohistochemical stainings obtained with two different antibodies against the amyloid β protein A4 and the microtubule-associated tau protein. The modified thioflavine S technique (MTST) detects up to 60% more SP and up to 50% more NFT than the Bielschowsky and Globus methods, respectively. The results obtained with the specific antibodies are comparable to those obtained with the MTST, but these immunotechniques are more expensive and time consuming for routine neuropathological evaluation, and the appropriate antibodies are not always commercially available. Furthermore, the morphological appearance of NFT and SP with MTST is greatly improved when compared to the classical thioflavine S and the increased signal-to-noise ratio between specifically stained structures and background permits an accurate semi-automatic quantification.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00308476
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alzheimer's disease with asymmetric atrophy of the cerebral hemispheres: morphometric analysis of four cases (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 440-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Senile plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Dementia ; Cortical atrophy ; Hemispheric specialization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract To examine the clinicopathological correlations in rare Alzheimer's disease patients with asymmetric cerebral atrophy and to compare their pattern of cortical involvement by senile lesions with that observed in other cases with atypical Alzheimer's disease, we performed an extensive neuropathological analysis of the cerebral cortex in four such cases. Three patients presented with severe language impairment but relatively good preservation of praxis and gnosis even after several years of clinical evolution. Cerebral autopsies of these cases revealed a predominant left hemisphere atrophy. Conversely, in one case with marked right hemisphere atrophy, all of the cognitive functions were involved early in the course of dementia. Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques were preferentially localized in the prefrontal, temporal and posterior parietal cortex in both hemispheres, whereas the hippocampal formation displayed lower lesion densities than neocortical areas. Significantly higher neurofibrillary tangle and senile plaque densities were found in the more atrophic side in most of the areas studied. The ratio of neurofibrillary tangle and senile plaque densities between the two hemispheres was not correlated with the number of these lesions in the cerebral cortex. These results indicate that the degenerative process in demented cases with interhemispheric asymmetric cerebral atrophy is characterized by a widespread involvement of the neocortex by senile lesions and lacks clear regional topography of neurofibrillary tangle and senile plaque distribution. Moreover, the relative sparing of the hippocampus, comparable to that found in cases with focal progressive dementia, suggests that the dementing process may involve different cortical structures in cases with asymmetric cerebral atrophy than in typical Alzheimer's disease cases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389496
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