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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 124 (1991), S. 1415-1423 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: [2.2]Metacyclophanes ; Chromium tricarbonyl complexes ; Chirality, helical, planar ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Regioselective Substitution of [2.2]Metacyclophanes via Chromium Tricarbonyl ComplexesThe [2.2]metacyclophanes 6, 8, and 9 are regioselectively complexed with triammintricarbonylchromium. The complexes are lithiated with nBuLi/TMEDA at -78°C, and the resulting aryllithium complexes are trapped with electrophiles to give new phanes exhibiting substitution patterns, which are not or more difficult available by other routes. Complex 6a gives 5-substitution almost exclusively, while the chiral complex 8a is substituted in positions 5 and 4 in a ratio of 3:1. Steric effects, caused by the large dithiane group, seem to play a role in both complexation and derivatisation of these substrates. An X-ray crystal structure analysis of the chromium tricarbonyl phane complex 11 is performed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 124 (1991), S. 915-922 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Adamantane ; Adamantanophanes ; Cyclophanes ; Medium-membered rings ; Sulfone pyrolysis ; Phanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Adamantane as a Building Block of New Araliphanes - Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Crystal StructuresExchange of benzene units for aliphatic building blocks in cyclophanes leads to new molecules of the “araliphane” type. With adamantane the araliphanes 2 - 4 are synthesized. Their stereochemical behavior as shown by NMR studies and X-ray crystallographic analyses differs significantly from that of their aromatic counterparts. The signals of the intraannular adamantane hydrogens are strongly shifted upfield up to δ=- 2.18 (in 2). 4 is obtained as a racemic mixture of enantiomers (in the crystalline state) and shows a boat-like deformation of the benzene moiety.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Charge transfer ; Circular dichroism ; Helical molecules ; [2.2]Metacyclophanes ; Structure-chiroptic relationships ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nitro- and Allyloxy-Substituted Helical [2.2]Metacyclophanes: Synthesis, Circular Dichroism and Crystal StructuresThe preparations of the title compound 3a, intraannularly nitro-functionalized, of the extraannularly substituted reference compound 3b, and of the sulfone 4 are described. Enantiomeric resolution of these helical phanes was accomplished on (+)-PTrMA and cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate by HPLC. Racemization of the enantiomers of 3b is faster than that of the previously reported extraannularly substituted phanes. The crystal structure of 3a as well as that of the allyl ether 3d show severe distortions of the benzene rings; the CD spectrum of 3a is pointing at an intramolecular charge-transfer complex, an effect that cannot be evaluated from the CD spectrum of 3b.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 2553-2569 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chirality ; Chromium complexes ; Helicity ; Configuration (absolute) ; [2.2]Metacyclophanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tricarbonylchromium Complexes of Chiral [2.2]Metacyclophanes: Syntheses, Structures, and Chiroptical PropertiesHPLC-baseline separations of three racemic cyclophanes 3, 4, and 6 on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate led to their enantiomers with high optical purity. Complexation of (-)-3 and (+)-3 with triamminetricarbonylchromium yielded chiral Cr(CO)3 complexes (-)-(S)P-(3S)M-3a and (+)-(R)P-(3R)M-3a stereoselectively. Derivatisation of the complexes by lithiation and reaction with electrophiles gave new substituted chiral Cr(CO)3 complexes of [2.2]metacyclophanes regio-selectively. X-ray structure analyses of one chiral chromium complex (-)-(R)P-(5S)M-14a and three chiral chromium-free ligands (-)-(S)P-3, (-)-(S)P-4, and (-)-(S)P-6 led to the assignment of the absolute configurations of all chiral compounds discussed here. The influences of substituents on the chiroptical properties are investigated. The helicity of [2.2]metacyclophanes is discussed. For the first time X-ray structure analyses were performed of a bis-Cr(CO)3 complex (9a) as well as of the first chromium complex 10a of a heteraphane. Dethioketalisation of (-)-(S)P-3 with NBS gave (-)-(S)P-18, the absolute chirality of which has been known, under retention of configuration.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 127 (1994), S. 1147-1156 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Adamantanes ; Adamantanophanes ; Cyclophanes ; Ring strain ; Sulfone pyrolysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation, Structure, and Conformational Behaviour of Strained AdamantanophanesExchange of aromatic units (e.g. benzene) for aliphatic/alicyclic building blocks (e.g. adamantane) in cyclophanes leads to new molecules of the “araliphane” type. In the framework of this concept the araliphanes 3(a), 5-7a, 10(a), and 11 are synthesized. Their stereochemical behaviour differs significantly from that of their aromatic counterparts as shown by NMR studies and X-ray crystallographic analyses. Extremely upfield-shifted signals of the intraanular adamantane hydrogen atoms are found as well as a planar chiral adamantanophane. A Diels-Alder addition of 8 to the benzene ring of 6 yields 9. Complete replacement of benzene units by adamantane leads to the fully aliphatic/alicyclic “aliphanes”. The crystal structure of 15 is described.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Cinnoline pyrolysis ; Circular dichroism ; Cyclophanes ; Dimethylbiphenylene synthesis ; Sulfone pyrolysis ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of 1,8-disubstituted biphenylenes by pyrolysis of azo compounds has been optimized. By means of a continuously working pyrolysis apparatus, the cis isomer 2 can be reliably produced on a gram scale. The chiral syn-[2.2]biphenylenophane 12 has been synthesized by an intermolecular cyclization reaction, subsequent oxidation of the sulfur atoms and pyrolytic extrusion of sulfur dioxide. In an analogous manner, the [2.2]biphenylophane 13 was obtained. The separation of the racemates of the hydrocarbons 12 and 13 could be achieved using a stationary chiral HPLC phase. Compound 12 preferentially adopts a syn conformation in the solid state. The CD spectra of 12 and 13 are compared.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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