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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of a citrus isolate of olive latent virus 1, a new necrovirus (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 102 (1996), S. 527-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: citrus ; chlorotic dwarf ; OLV-1 ; necrovirus ; virus purification ; physicochemical properties ; serology ; cytopathology ; dsRNA ; cDNA ; molecular probes ; PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A virus was recovered by sap transmission from plants of several citrus species exhibiting or not symptoms of chlorotic dwarf (CCD), a disease recently reported from Eastern Mediterranean Turkey. The virus was identified as an isolate of olive latent virus 1 (OLV-1), originally described as a possible sobemovirus. The citrus isolate of OLV-1 (OLV-1/Tk) possesses biological, morphological, physico-chemical, and ultrastructural properties similar, if not identical to those of the OLV-1 type strain and is also serologically indistinguishable from it. In addition, OLV-1/Tk has many properties, especially physico-chemical, in common with serotypes A and D of tobacco necrosis necrovirus (TNV-A and TNV-D). However, OLV-1/Tk is only very distantly related serologically to both TNV-A and D, suggesting that it can be regarded as a distinct species in the genusNecrovirus. OLV-1/Tk could not be detected in citrus tissues by ELIS A or dot-blot molecular hybridization, probably because of the extremely low virus concentration. By contrast, limited virus recovery was obtained by sap inoculation and fair detection rates were afforded by PCR. OLV-1/Tk was identified in 54 of 92 (59%) citrus plants affected by CCD and in 14 of 49 (28%) symptomless plants. These results do not support the notion that there is a cause-effect relationship between OLV-1/Tk and CCD, even though the more frequent association of this virus with diseased plants remains intriguing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01877019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a pothos (Scindapsus aureus) virus with unusual properties (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 101 (1995), S. 171-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Scindapsus aureus ; Tombusviridae ; PoLV ; virus purification ; physicochemical properties ; serology ; cytopathology ; dsRNA ; cDNA ; molecular probes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A virus for which the name of pothos latent virus (PoLV) is proposed, was isolated by inoculation of sap from symptomless plants ofScindapsus aureus. PoLV had isometric particlesc. 30 nm in diameter, a monopartite genome consisting of a non polyadenylated, single-stranded RNA moleculec. 4,300 nucleotides in length, constitutingc. 17% of the particle weight, and a single type of coat protein subunit with aM r ofc. 40,000 Daltons. The biological properties (host range reactions) of PoLV resembled those ofTombusviridae for it infected most of the artificial hosts locally, inducing symptoms recalling those elicited by several species of the above family. Like tombus- and carmoviruses, PoLV had two subgenomic RNAs which, however, differed in size from those of both genera. The dsRNA pattern was also distinctly different. Cytopathological features recalled those of tombusviruses except for the lack of multivesicular inclusion bodies. PoLV was serologically related to, but distinct from twoCarmovirus (i.e., galinsoga mosaic and Ahlum waterborne viruses) and threeTombusvirus species (i.e. eggplant mottled crinkle, Sikte waterborne and Lato river viruses). Thus, PoLV had properties somewhat intermediate between those ofTombusvirus andCarmovirus genera but bridged the two taxa through the serological relationship with some of their species. The taxonomic position of PoLV is still undetermined. It must await the results of molecular investigations now underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874763
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of training on the response of androgen plasma concentrations to exercise in swimmers (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 70 (1995), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Testosterone ; Cortisol ; Sex hormone binding globulin ; Swimming ; Training
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In eight top-level male endurance swimmers the aerobic performance and the response to exercise of total testosterone (T), free testosterone (fT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), non-SHBG-bound testosterone (NST) and cortisol (C) were evaluated during a training season. The swimmers participated in three test sessions which occurred 6, 12 and 24 weeks after the beginning of the season. During each session, after a standard warm-up, the swimmers performed a set of 15 × 200-m freestyle, with a 20-s rest between repetitions, at a predetermined individual speed. Three blood samples were collected: before warm-up, at the end of the set, and after 1 h of recovery. A few days before each session, the individual swimming velocity associated with a 4 mmol · l−1 blood lactate concentration (ν4) was assessed as a standard of aerobic performance. The values of ν4 were lower in the second session than in the third one. The concentrations of C, which increased after the exercise, showed the highest values in the second session. The values of T and the T: SHBG ratio increased after the exercise but returned to their initial concentrations during the recovery period. The values of fT and NST increased after the exercise in the first and third sessions. In the initial two sessions, when the aerobic performance was still low, the concentrations of NST decreased to below the initial values after recovery. In session III, when the adaptation to the training workload was complete, NST returned to resting concentrations after recovery. The results would suggest that stressful stimuli produced by an increase in training volume may induce changes in androgen metabolism during exercise. In this respect, NST would appear to be a better index of metabolic response than T, T/SHBG and fT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00361537
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the exercise-induced hormone response to branched chain amino acid administration (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 64 (1992), S. 272-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Hormones ; Testosterone ; Human growth hormone ; Branched chain amino acids ; Exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It was the aim of the present experiment to detect possible effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on the endocrine response to 1 h of continuous running. Blood samples were collected from 14 long-distance runners (age 24–42 years) in two different trials performed at 1-week intervals. In both trials (E and P) blood samples were collected at the following times: 9 a.m. (basal values sample), 10.30 a.m. (sample 90), 11.30 a.m. (sample 150), 12.30 p.m. (sample 210); the athletes performed 1 h of running at a constant predetermined speed between samples 90 and 150. Following the basal sample a mixture containing BCAA (E trial), or not containing BCAA (P trial) was ingested. In both trials no hormone basal concentrations, except insulin, were changed before exercise. In P trial, following exercise (sample 150), human growth hormone (HGH), prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (C) increased, while testosterone (T) decreased. In sample 210, after 1 h of rest, while ACTH, PRL and HGH had recovered to basal concentrations, C remained elevated and T displayed a further decrease. In the E trial a similar pattern of change was observed in sample 150 for HGH, PRL, ACTH and C; in sample 210 HGH and PRL displayed significantly lower values than in the corresponding P trial samples. The T was not modified by the running exercise and increased during the recovery period. It is, therefore, suggested that BCAA administration before exercise affects the response of some anabolic hormones, mainly HGH and T.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626291
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Androgen levels following a football match (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 54 (1985), S. 494-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Testosterone ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Androstenedione ; Cortisol ; Football
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 18 trained football players, blood samples were collected before a football match, at half-time, at the end, and 45 and 90 min after the end of the match. The testosterone (T) level showed a decrease in the rest period. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increased during the match, but returned to initial levels in the last samples. The T/DHT ratio decreased, reached the minimal value at the end of the exercise, and returned to basal levels in the rest period. Cortisol and androstenedione levels increased during the match, but returned to control levels 45 and 90 min after the end of the match, respectively. It is suggested that during this type of exercise anabolic and catabolic hormones may be simultaneously activated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422958
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