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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: GDNF ; in situ hybridization ; cell death ; Parkinson's disease ; adult ; newborn infant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a potent neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons. Since dopaminergic neurons degenerate in Parkinson's disease, this factor is a potential therapeutical tool that may save dopaminergic neurons during the pathological process. Moreover, a reduced GDNF expression may be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this study, we tested whether altered GDNF production may participate in the mechanism of cell death in this disease. GDNF gene expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization using riboprobes corresponding to a sequence of the exon 2 human GDNF gene. Experiments were performed on tissue sections of the mesencephalon and the striatum from 8 patients with Parkinson's disease and 6 control subjects matched for age at death and for post mortem delay. No labelling was observed in either group of patients. This absence of detectable expression could not be attributed to methodological problems as a positive staining was observed using the same probes for sections of astroglioma biopsies from human adults and for sections of a newborn infant brain obtained at post-mortem. These data suggest that GDNF is probably expressed at a very low level in the adult human brain and its involvement in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease remains to be demonstrated. GDNF may represent a powerful new therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease, however.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Painful Shoulder ; Rotator Cuff Tendinitis ; Capsulitis ; Local Treatment ; Tenoxicam ; Injection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eighty out-patients (50 F, 30 M), aged 58±12 years (range: 26–84) and weighing 72±10 kg (range: 50–97), presenting with an acute or subacute (〈3 months) episode of rotator cuff tendinitis without (n=28) or with movement restriction (n=52) of the shoulder and having a pain intensity of at least 4 on VAS for pain at rest or on active movement, were treated at random and in double blind conditions for 1 to 4 weeks with 1 weekly periarticular anterior injection of tenoxicam 20 mg or placebo. Tenoxicam treated patients improved more than placebo-injected patients in a statistically highly significant manner with regard to clinical index, pain on VAS during active movement and at rest, active mobility (degrees), pain or pressure and clinical global impression (assessed by investigator and patient). There was a nonsignificant opinion that placebo treated patients consumed more rescue medication. Safety assessments were not significantly better in the placebo-treated patients through local tolerability tended to be better in that group. These results indicate that tenoxicam 20 mg injected locally is effective in alleviating pain and in improving shoulder mobility in patients with a painful shoulder episode and suggest that such a treatment is safe and well tolerated. Local injection of tenoxicam seems to be a promising new treatment of acute, painful, local inflammatory processes in Rheumatology, Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Sports Medicine. Further studies in other pathologies are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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