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An increased incidence of mastitis caused by Prototheca species and Nocardia species on a farm in São Paulo, Brazil (1996)

Costa, E. O. ; Ribeiro, A. R. ; Watanabe, E. T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Veterinary research communications 20 (1996), S. 237-241

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ISSN: 1573-7446

Keywords: cattle ; mastitis ; mycosis ; Nocardia ; Prototheca

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Mastitis caused by Prototheca spp or Nocardia spp is considered to be difficult to treat. Both microorganisms are contaminants commonly found in soil. The occurrence of mastitis caused by these agents was studied in a particular dairy farm. In this herd, the animals were kept at pasture overnight and during daytime were brought to a pen where they were fed. This pen accumulated mud and faeces, particularly in the rainy season. During milking, pre-dipping of the teats was performed with an iodide solution, but they were not washed, so a layer of soil and faeces remained which may have contaminated the milking equipment. The herd comprised 91 lactating animals and 47 dry cows. For microbiological examination, 107 milk samples were collected from lactating cows and 186 samples of mammary secretions from the dry cows. Prototheca spp were isolated from 14.55% of the milk samples and Nocardia spp from 4.55%. Prototheca spp were isolated from 8.06% of the secretion samples from dry cows and Nocardia spp were isolated from 2.15% samples. The high occurrence of mastitis due to these environmental agents reflects the problem of keeping animals in muddy pastures and pens, and the defective pre-milking hygiene for the teats.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366921

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Fluoride and chloride determination in cheese with ion-selective electrodes (1991)

González, M. A. ; Aller, A. J. ; Pardo, R. ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Electroanalysis 3 (1991), S. 439-442

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ISSN: 1040-0397

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: We studied the possibility, of using ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for the determination of chloride and fluoride anions in cheese samples. For chloride, we propose the use of potentiometric titration with silver and direct potentiometry, whereas for fluoride, best results were obtained with a standard additions method. The proposed procedures have been applied to Spanish cheese samples. Chloride was found in all samples in concentrations ranging between 3200 and 25,000 g/kg. Fluoride was present only in some types of cheese, in concentrations lesser than 0.7 mg/kg.

Additional Material: 1 Ill.