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  • morphology  (13)
  • emulsionpolymerization  (6)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of anomalously shaped carboxylated polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization (1987)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 265 (1987), S. 876-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Polymeremulsion ; anomalous particle ; microsphere ; latex ; emulsionpolymerization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Anomalous polymer particles with a partial protuberance like “octopus ocellatus” were produced under alkaline conditions by seeded emulsion copolymerization for styrene and butyl acrylate, with styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid terpolymer emulsion as seed. The mechanism of production of the polymer particles was studied. By transmission electron microscopic observation of the particles at each conversion, it was observed that the anomalous polymer particles were produced by partial growth of each of the individual seed particles throughout polymerization. Ionization of the carboxyl groups and low viscosity in the growing particles during the process of polymerization were important factors for partial growth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01421815
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of anomalous polymer microspheres having uneven surfaces by “stepwise” heterocoagulation technique (1990)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 791-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Anomalousparticle ; microsphere ; emulsionpolymerization ; emulsionblend ; heterocoagulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Anomalous polymer microspheres having uneven surfaces were produced by “stepwise” heterocoagulation technique of small polymer particles (SPs) onto large polymer particles (LPs).SPs andLPs have surface charges opposite to each other in the emulsion states.SPs were produced by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, andLPs by emulsion terpolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate and methacrylic acid, with nonionic emulsifier being used in both cases. Maximum covering ofLP bySPs was obtained under the conditions that both emulsions were blended without the coagulation at pH 3 at room temperature and then left stand to coagulate with each other at 70 °C for 4 h at pH 9.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410956
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of ″stepwise″ heterocoagulation process of small cationic polymer particles onto large anionic polymer particles using dynamic light scattering (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Anomalousparticle ; dynamiclight-scattering ; emulsionblend ; emulsionpolymerization ; heterocoagulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract In order to clarify in detail the process of the “stepwise” heterocoagulation of small polymer particles (SP) onto large polymer particles (LP), which we proposed to prepare anomalous polymer particles, the particle-size distribution in each step was estimated using dynamic light scattering.SP andLP have surface charges opposite to each other in emulsion states.SP were produced by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, andLP by emulsion terpolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and methacrylic acid. Both emulsions in which nonionic emulsifier had been added were blended without coagulation and then the heterocoagulation was carried out by adjusting of the pH and heating.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00660301
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical deposition coatings from emulsifier-free anionic polymer emulsion onto anodized aluminum plate under stirring conditions (1990)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 1108-1112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Coating ; chemicaldeposition ; polymeremulsion ; anodizedaluminum ; emulsionpolymerization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The chemical deposition from an anionic acrylic copolymer emulsion onto an anodized aluminum plate was carried out under various stirring conditions. The amount of polymer deposited was affected by the stirring rate. At higher stirring rates, the surface flatness of the obtained coating decreased, but the transparency (which was affected by the traces of bubbles, due to evolution of hydrogen gas from the surface of the plate in the deposition process) was improved. Under optimum stirring conditions an excellent coating having a flat surface and good transparency was obtained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410675
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation of asymmetric polymer film by emulsion blend technique (1990)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 1113-1117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Polymeremulsion ; emulsionblend ; emulsionpolymerization ; tackiness ; asymmetricfilm
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Two kinds of anionic polymer emulsions, of which particle sizes were greatly different, were blended and then cast on a release-paper at 30 °C. One was poly(butyl acrylate) emulsion, 0.46μn in diameter, produced by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization, and the other was ethyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate (1/1, mole ratio) copolymer emulsion, 0.02μm in diameter, produced by emulsifier-containing emulsion polymerization. The film produced had asymmetric surface properties: the air-side surface was nontacky and the bottom-side surface was tacky. The forming mechanism is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410676
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The acceleration of decomposition of potassium persulfate in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and polymer particles as a model of emulsion polymerization system (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 121-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Isotachophoresis ; sodiumdodecylsulfate ; potassiumpersulfate ; emulsionpolymerization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The decomposition rates of potassium persulfate (KPS) in aqueous solutions containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the presence of polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) particles as models of emulsion polymerization systems were measured by isotachophoresis. “Free” SDS molecules dispersed in the monomolecular state had an ability to accelerate the KPS decomposition, but SDS molecules adsorbed onto the polymer particles did not accelerate it.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00660300
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variation of surface unevenness of anomalous composite polymer particles produced by the stepwise heterocoagulation of small particles onto large particle by heat treatment (1994)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 270-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Anomalous particles ; emulsion polymerization ; heterocoagulation ; composite polymer particles ; morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Variation of surface unevenness of anomalous composite polymer particles produced by the “stepwise” heterocoagulation, which we had suggested in previous articles, of small cationic polymer particles onto large anionic polymer particle (LP) by heat treatment was examined with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. When the anomalous polymer emulsion was kept at higher temperature than the glass transition temperature ofLP, the particle surfaces were continuously changed from uneven to smooth state with the treatment time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00655497
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of submicron-sized multihollow polymer particles having high transition temperatures by the stepwise alkali/acid method (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Multihollow particles ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; transition temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Submicron-sized multihollow styrene-methacrylic acid (92.6/7.4, molar ratio) copolymer particles having high transition temperature above 100°C were produced by using the stepwise alkali/acid method proposed by the authors. The original particles were prepared by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid. The effects of pH, temperature and time in the alkali treatment process as the first step on the multihollow structure were clarified under the same acid treatment conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652464
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation mechanism of anomalous “golf ball-like” composite polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 520-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Composite polymer particle ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; anomalous shape ; phase separation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Recently, the authors found that anomalous polystyrene/polybutyl acrylate composite particles, whose surfaces had many dents, were produced by emulsifier-free seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate with polystyrene seed particles. Such a particle was named a “golf ball-like” particle. In this article, the morphology and the formation mechanism of the golf ball-like composite polymer particles were studied.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00655226
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of multihollow polymer particles by the stepwise alkali/acid method IV. Acid treatment process (1994)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 933-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Multihollow particle ; emulsion polymerization ; emulsion ; latex ; morphology ; carboxyl group
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The effects of pH, temperature and time in the acid-treatment process on the multihollow structure formed within submicron-sized monodispersed polymer particles by the stepwise alkali/acid method proposed by the authors were examined in detail. The original particles were produced by emulsifier-free emulsion terpolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and methacrylic acid. It was clarified that the number and the size of hollows per particle were drastically changed by the acid treatment conditions as well as those in the alkali treatment process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00658890
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