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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentrations of fumonisin B1 in feeds associated with animal health problems (1991)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 114 (1991), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Fumonisin B1 fumonisin B2 ; equine leukoencephalomalacia ; swine pulmonary edema ; animal feeds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ninety-eight samples of feeds associated with 44 cases of equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) and 83 samples of feed associated with 42 cases of a porcine pulmonary edema syndrome (PPE) were analyzed for fumonisin B1 (FB1). For comparison purposes, 51 feed samples not associated with PPE or ELEM were also analyzed. Feed associated with ELEM contained FB1 ranging from less than 1 μg/g to 126 μg/g with 75% of the cases having at least 1 sample above 10 μg/g. Feeds associated with PPE ranged from less than 1 μg/g to 330 μg/g with 71% of the cases having at least 1 sample greater than 10 μg/g. Quantitation was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/fluorescence using the fluorescamine derivative with confirmation by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and/or gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437200
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant viral leaders influence expression of a reporter gene in tobacco (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 97-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cauliflower mosaic virus ; β-glucuronidase ; 35S promoter ; tobacco mosaic virus ; translation efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to optimise expression of a foreign protein in transgenic plants we investigated the potential benefits of including a viral untranslated leader sequence within a plant transformation vector. A variety of 5 leaders, including the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) leader sequence and 31 nucleotides of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S RNA leader, were compared. Viral leader constructs employing the 35S promoter and the reporter β-glucuronidase (GUS) were tested by electroporation into tobacco mesophyll protoplasts and against a cointroduced chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene in transgenic tobacco leaves. In the transient assay system, GUS activities from the viral leaders were compared with those from either a short, random leader or a translational fusion of the CaMV 19S RNA ORF VI to GUS. A two-to-three-fold enhanced level of expression resulted when these leaders were substituted with either the 35S RNA or the TMV leader sequences. This enhancement was further increased, to four-to five-fold, by inclusion of four or seven of the bases from the 35S transcription initiation site adjacent to the TMV leader. In transgenic tobacco the improved GUS levels were maintained from constructs including either the TMV leader (eight-fold) or this sequence with the addition of the 35S transcription initiation site bases (ten-fold). A comparison of GUS enzyme amounts with GUS mRNA amounts, using the CAT gene as an internal standard, revealed that TMV leader-bearing mRNA was translated from four-to six-fold more efficiently than the random leader control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021423
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental reproduction of ELEM (1992)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 117 (1992), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Fumonisins ; equine leukoencephalomalacia ; mycotoxins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An experiment to gain insight into the minimum toxic dose of fumonisins was conducted by feeding ponies rations with known fumonisin concentrations. Naturally contaminated corn screenings (CS) were blended with pellets, corn, and molasses to formulate individual daily diets. One group of 4 ponies was fed a ration with fumonisin B1 (FB1) varying from 〈1 ppm to 22 ppm. A second group of 5 ponies was fed a ration at varying rates containing 8 ppm FB1 for 180 days. A panel of clinical chemistry parameters was evaluated twice weekly for both groups. One pony in the first group died of equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) after 225 days of which the final 55 days' diet contained 22 ppm FB1. Approximately 9 days prior to death, this animal experienced elevated liver chemistry values. All 5 ponies in the second group experienced mild, transient, clincal signs; were euthanized at 180 days; and had mild, histopathological brain lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00497287
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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