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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • absence-type seizures  (1)
  • genetic  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: CGS 8216 ; CGS 9896 ; kindling ; β-vinyllactic acid ; absence-type seizures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary CGS 8216, a benzodiazepine-receptor ligand with inverse agonistic properties, and CGS 9896, which possesses partial agonistic or mixed agonist-antagonist properties were compared in a number of epilepsy models. The effect of CGS 9896 on the decrease in GABA levels induced by isoniazid was also investigated. CGS 9896 inhibited the kindling process in rats in that it delayed the development of overt seizures and the increase in the duration of after-discharges. In a genetic rat model characterized by absence-like EEG patterns, CGS 9896 dose-dependently suppressed these spontaneously occurring discharges, while CGS 8216 had no effect. However, CGS 8216 antagonized the anticonvulsant action of CGS 9896. CGS 9896 protected mice against seizures induced by ß-vinyllactic acid, whereas CGS 8216 shortened the latency period before convulsions occurred. CGS 9896 retarded the onset of convulsive fits caused by isoniazid without preventing the decrease in GABA levels produced by that drug. These results confirm the anticonvulsant activity of CGS 9896 and demonstrate the inverse agonistic activity of CGS 8216. The profile of CGS 9896 in the above tests suggests that it might be an effective anticonvulsant, primarily in absence-type seizures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 16 (1995), S. 113-118 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: absence epilepsy ; model ; rat ; genetic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Il 100% degli animali appartenenti al ceppo GAERS (Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg) presenta crisi generalizzate non convulsive ricorrenti caratterizzate da scariche di punta-onda (PO) accompagnate da arresto comportamentale, immobilità e talora movimenti rapidi delle vibrisse. Le scariche spontanee di PO (7–11 Hz) iniziano e cessano bruscamente su una attività di fondo EEG normale alla frequenza media di 1.5 per minuto. I farmaci efficaci nella epilessia con assenze tipo piccolo male dell'uomo sopprimono le PO in modo dose-dipendente, mentre i farmaci specifici per le crisi convulsive o parziali sono inefficaci. Registrazioni con elettrodi profondi ed esperimenti di lesione dimostrano che le PO nei GAERS dipendono da strutture corticali e talamiche con una possibile origine del ritmo nella porzione laterale del talamo; i recettori GABAA sembrano giocare un ruolo critico. Le PO sono geneticamente determinate con una ereditarietà autosomica dominante. La variabile espressività delle PO nei nati da incroci tra GAERS e controlli può essere dovuta all'esistenza di geni multipli.
    Notes: Abstract In Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), 100% of the animals present recurrent generalized non-convulsive seizures characterized by bilateral and synchronous spike-and-wave discharges (SWD) accompanied with behavioural arrest, staring and sometimes twitching of the vibrissae. Spontaneous SWD (7–11 cps) start and end abruptly on a normal background EEG at a mean frequency of 1.5 per min. Drugs effective against absence seizures in humans suppress the SWD dose-dependently, whereas drugs specific for convulsive or focal seizures are ineffective. Depth EEG recordings and lesion experiments show that SWD in GAERS depend on cortical and thalamic structures with a possible rhythmic triggering by the lateral thalamus; GABAA and GABAB receptors seem to play a critical role. SWD are genetically determined with an autosomal dominant inheritance. The variable expression of SWD in offsprings from GAERS and control reciprocal crosses may be due to the existence of multiple genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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